Chapter XXI

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

highly skilled

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

past form of “admonish” — advise or counsel in terms of someone's behavior

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

take exception to

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

plural of “combat” — an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

plural of “conquest” — the act of conquering

From this reading CONQUESTS OF THE GENERALS OF DARIUS.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CONQUESTS OF THE GENERALS OF DARIUS.

a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

a quantity much larger than is needed

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading CONQUESTS OF THE GENERALS OF DARIUS.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

having a usually specified type of handle

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

the emotion of great happiness

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

provided with a worthy adversary or competitor

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading CONQUESTS OF THE GENERALS OF DARIUS.

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

encouragement in the form of cheers from spectators

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

in a softened tone

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CONQUESTS OF THE GENERALS OF DARIUS.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

three times as great or many

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

not disposed or inclined toward

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

having won

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

at the time that

From this reading For an oracle had admonished the Pæonians to invade the Perinthians, and if the Perinthians, when encamped against them, should challenge them, shouting to them by name, then to attack, but if they should not shout out to them, not to attack.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Perinthians, victorious in two of these combats, through excess of joy sang the Pæon, whereupon the Pæonians conjectured that this was the meaning of the oracle, and said among themselves: "Now surely the oracle must be accomplished; now it is our part to act."

which person or people

From this reading The Persians, left in Europe by Darius under the command of Megabazus, subdued the Perinthians first of the Hellespontines, who were unwilling to submit to Darius, and had been before roughly handled by the Pæonians.

in the company of; together with

From this reading A threefold single combat took place between them according to a challenge; for they matched a man with a man, a horse with a horse, and a dog with a dog.