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The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus
The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.
The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.
The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."
Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.
They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.
/ðə ˌɪnˈveɪʒən ʌv ˈætɪkə ənd ðə ˈbætəl ʌv səˈlɑːmiz/
Line 2
The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.
Line 3
The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."
/ðə əˈθiːniənz kɑːzd ˌprɑːkləˈmeɪʃən tuː biː meɪd ðæt ˈevəri wʌn ʃʊd seɪv hɪz ˈtʃɪldrən ənd ˈfæməli baɪ ðə best miːnz hiː kʊd/
Line 4
Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.
Line 5
They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.
/ðeɪ juːzd ɔːl ˈdɪlədʒəns tuː riˈmuːv ðem tuː ə pleɪs ʌv ˈseɪfti frʌm ə dɪˈzaɪər tuː oʊˈbeɪ ðə ˈɔːrəkəl bʌt mɔːr ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli fɔːr ðə ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ ˈriːzən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Athenians noun US /əˈθiːniənz/

plural of “athenian” — a resident of Athens

From this reading “The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.”

attica noun US /ˈætɪkə/

the territory of Athens in ancient Greece where the Ionic dialect was spoken

From this reading “THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.”

consult verb US /kənˈsʌlt/

get or ask advice from

From this reading “The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.”

diligence noun US /ˈdɪlədʒəns/

conscientiousness in paying proper attention to a task; giving the degree of care required in a given situation

From this reading “They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.”

invasion noun US /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading “THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.”

oracle noun US /ˈɔːrəkəl/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading “They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.”

proclamation noun US /ˌprɑːkləˈmeɪʃən/

a formal public statement

From this reading “The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."”

salamis noun US /səˈlɑːmiz/

plural of “salami” — highly seasoned fatty sausage of pork and beef usually dried

From this reading “THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greatest part adjective + noun

In this reading “Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.

Artemisium

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

AtheniansnounUS /əˈθiːniənz/

plural of “athenian” — a resident of Athens

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

ATTICAnounUS /ˈætɪkə/

the territory of Athens in ancient Greece where the Ionic dialect was spoken

From this reading THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

BATTLEnounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

consultverbUS /kənˈsʌlt/

get or ask advice from

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

diligencenounUS /ˈdɪlədʒəns/

conscientiousness in paying proper attention to a task; giving the degree of care required in a given situation

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

INVASIONnounUS /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

measuresnounUS /ˈmeʒərz/

plural of “measure” — any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

obeyverbUS /oʊˈbeɪ/

be obedient to

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

oraclenounUS /ˈɔːrəkəl/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

particularlyadverbUS /ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

proclamationnounUS /ˌprɑːkləˈmeɪʃən/

a formal public statement

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

removeverbUS /riˈmuːv/

remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

requestverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

safetynounUS /ˈseɪfti/

the state of being certain that adverse effects will not be caused by some agent under defined conditions

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

SALAMISnounUS /səˈlɑːmiz/

plural of “salami” — highly seasoned fatty sausage of pork and beef usually dried

From this reading THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Athenians caused proclamation to be made, "that every one should save his children and family by the best means he could."

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE INVASION OF ATTICA AND THE BATTLE OF SALAMIS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

Thereupon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

Trœzen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading They used all diligence to remove them to a place of safety, from a desire to obey the oracle, but more particularly for the following reason.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

wivesnounUS /waɪvz/

plural of “wife” — a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading The Greek fleet from Artemisium put in at Salamis at the request of the Athenians, who wished to remove their children and wives out of Attica, and consult what measures were to be taken.

Ægina

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thereupon the greatest part sent away their families to Trœzen, some to Ægina, and others to Salamis.

Chapter 28 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus by 481? BCE-421? BCE Herodotus holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus contain?

Chapter 28 holds 104 sentences of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus by 481? BCE-421? BCE Herodotus exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus

Common questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus by 481? BCE-421? BCE Herodotus on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus?

Yes. All 3328 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55758 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55758, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus take to read?

About 277 minutes of reading across 666 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus section by section

How to work through The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Small
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Capitals
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Replaced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
While
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Herodotus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.