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The Boys' and Girls' Pliny
The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Boys' and Girls' Pliny
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BEARS AND THEIR CUBS.
The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.
The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.
Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.
If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BEARS AND THEIR CUBS.
/berz ənd ðer kʌbz/
Line 2
The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.
/ðə kʌbz ʌv berz wen fɜːrst bɔːrn ɑːr ˈʃeɪpləs ˈmæsəz ʌv waɪt fleʃ ə ˈlɪtəl ˈlɑːrdʒər ðæn maɪs ðer klɔːz əˈloʊn ˈbiːɪŋ ˈprɑːmənənt/
Line 3
The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.
/ðə ˈmʌðər ðen lɪks ðem ˈɡrædʒuːəli ˈɪntuː ˈprɑːpər ʃeɪp/
Line 4
Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.
/berz ˈhaɪbərneɪt ˈdʊrɪŋ θriː ɔːr fɔːr mʌnθs ʌv ðə ˈwɪntər ˈsiːzən/
Line 5
If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.
/ɪf ðeɪ ˈhæpən tuː hæv noʊ den ðeɪ kənˈstrʌkt ə riˈtriːt wɪð ˈbræntʃəz ənd ʃrʌbz wɪtʃ ɪz meɪd ˌɪmˈpenətrəbəl tuː ðə reɪn ənd ɪz laɪnd wɪð sɑːft liːvz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

construct verb US /kənˈstrʌkt/

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading “If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.”

cubs noun US /kʌbz/

plural of “cub” — an awkward and inexperienced youth

From this reading “BEARS AND THEIR CUBS.”

hibernate verb US /ˈhaɪbərneɪt/

sleep during winter

From this reading “Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.”

impenetrable adjective US /ˌɪmˈpenətrəbəl/

not admitting of penetration or passage into or through

From this reading “If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.”

licks noun US /lɪks/

plural of “lick” — a salt deposit that animals regularly lick

From this reading “The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.”

mice noun US /maɪs/

plural of “mouse” — any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails

From this reading “The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.”

shapeless adjective US /ˈʃeɪpləs/

having no definite form or distinct shape

From this reading “The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.”

shrubs noun US /ʃrʌbz/

plural of “shrub” — a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading “If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

winter season noun + noun

In this reading “Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.”

four months noun + noun counted as “four month”

In this reading “Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.”

proper shape adjective + noun

In this reading “The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.”

white flesh noun + noun

In this reading “The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading BEARS AND THEIR CUBS.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

BEARSnounUS /berz/

plural of “bear” — massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws

From this reading BEARS AND THEIR CUBS.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

clawsnounUS /klɔːz/

plural of “claw” — sharp curved horny process on the toe of a bird or some mammals or reptiles

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

constructverbUS /kənˈstrʌkt/

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

CUBSnounUS /kʌbz/

plural of “cub” — an awkward and inexperienced youth

From this reading BEARS AND THEIR CUBS.

dennounUS /den/

the habitation of wild animals

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

fleshnounUS /fleʃ/

the soft tissue of the body of a vertebrate: mainly muscle tissue and fat

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.

graduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.

happenverbUS /ˈhæpən/

come to pass

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

hibernateverbUS /ˈhaɪbərneɪt/

sleep during winter

From this reading Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

impenetrableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpenətrəbəl/

not admitting of penetration or passage into or through

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

largeradjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

licksnounUS /lɪks/

plural of “lick” — a salt deposit that animals regularly lick

From this reading The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.

linedadjectiveUS /laɪnd/

bordered by a line of things

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

micenounUS /maɪs/

plural of “mouse” — any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender usually hairless tails

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.

prominentadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːmənənt/

having a quality that thrusts itself into attention

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.

shapenounUS /ʃeɪp/

any spatial attributes (especially as defined by outline)

From this reading The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.

shapelessadjectiveUS /ˈʃeɪpləs/

having no definite form or distinct shape

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

shrubsnounUS /ʃrʌbz/

plural of “shrub” — a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

THEIRdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading BEARS AND THEIR CUBS.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The mother then licks them gradually into proper shape.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading The cubs of bears when first born are shapeless masses of white flesh, a little larger than mice; their claws alone being prominent.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Bears hibernate during three or four months of the winter season.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading If they happen to have no den, they construct a retreat with branches and shrubs, which is made impenetrable to the rain and is lined with soft leaves.

Chapter 13 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny by the Elder, 24?-79 Pliny holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny contain?

Chapter 13 holds 43 sentences of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny by the Elder, 24?-79 Pliny exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Common questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Pliny by the Elder, 24?-79 Pliny on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny?

Yes. All 3612 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58589 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58589, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boys' and Girls' Pliny take to read?

About 301 minutes of reading across 723 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boys' and Girls' Pliny section by section

How to work through The Boys' and Girls' Pliny section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boys' and Girls' Pliny, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Village
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Province
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.