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The Boys' and Girls' Pliny
The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny is here in full — 47 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
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DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLOTHS.
Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.
Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.
Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.
Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny is here in full — 47 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLOTHS.
/ˈdɪfərənt kaɪndz ʌv klɔːθs/
Line 2
Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.
Line 3
Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.
Line 4
Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.
Line 5
Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.
/weɪvd ˈɡɑːrmənts wɜːr æt fɜːrst ðə moʊst ɪˈstiːmd ʌv ɔːl ˈæftər wɪtʃ ðoʊz kəmˈpoʊzd ʌv ˈveriəs ˈkʌlərz keɪm ˈɪntuː voʊɡ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cloths noun US /klɔːθs/

plural of “cloth” — artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading “DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLOTHS.”

informs verb US /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmz/

third-person singular of “inform” — impart knowledge of some fact, state of affairs, or event to

From this reading “Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.”

spindle noun US /ˈspɪndəl/

(biology) tiny fibers that are seen in cell division; the fibers radiate from two poles and meet at the equator in the middle

From this reading “Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.”

toga noun US /ˈtoʊɡə/

a one-piece cloak worn by men in ancient Rome

From this reading “Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.”

tunic noun US /ˈtuːnɪk/

an enveloping or covering membrane or layer of body tissue

From this reading “Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.”

vogue noun US /voʊɡ/

the popular taste at a given time

From this reading “Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.”

watered adjective US /ˈwɔːtərd/

(of silk fabric) having a wavelike pattern

From this reading “Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.”

wove verb US /woʊv/

inflected form of “weave” — interlace by or as if by weaving

From this reading “Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

various colors adjective + noun

In this reading “Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.”

young woman adjective + noun

a young female

In this reading “Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.”

most esteemed adverb + adjective

In this reading “Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.”

young people adjective + noun

In this reading “Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.”

worn by verb + particle

In this reading “Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.”

came into verb + particle counted as “come into”

obtain, especially accidentally

In this reading “Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

120

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

arrangedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪndʒd/

disposed or placed in a particular kind of order

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

Caia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

CLOTHSnounUS /klɔːθs/

plural of “cloth” — artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLOTHS.

colorsnounUS /ˈkʌlərz/

a flag that shows its nationality

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

composedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpoʊzd/

serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

Cæcilia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

derivedadjectiveUS /dərˈaɪvd/

formed or developed from something else; not original

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

DIFFERENTadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLOTHS.

distaffnoun

the sphere of work by women

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

esteemedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstiːmd/

having an illustrious reputation; respected

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

eye-witness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

formerlyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrmərli/

at a previous time

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

FortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

garmentsnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “garment” — an article of clothing

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

HenceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

informsverbUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmz/

third-person singular of “inform” — impart knowledge of some fact, state of affairs, or event to

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

KINDSnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLOTHS.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

newly-married

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DIFFERENT KINDS OF CLOTHS.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

processionnounUS /prəˈseʃən/

(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

Sancus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

Servius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

spindlenounUS /ˈspɪndəl/

(biology) tiny fibers that are seen in cell division; the fibers radiate from two poles and meet at the equator in the middle

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

straightadjectiveUS /streɪt/

successive (without a break)

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

Tanaquil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

templenounUS /ˈtempəl/

place of worship consisting of an edifice for the worship of a deity

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

threadverbUS /θred/

to move or cause to move in a sinuous, spiral, or circular course

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

toganounUS /ˈtoʊɡə/

a one-piece cloak worn by men in ancient Rome

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

Tullius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

tunicnounUS /ˈtuːnɪk/

an enveloping or covering membrane or layer of body tissue

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

Varronoun

Roman scholar (116-27 BC)

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

voguenounUS /voʊɡ/

the popular taste at a given time

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

wateredadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːtərd/

(of silk fabric) having a wavelike pattern

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

wavedverbUS /weɪvd/

past form of “wave” — signal with the hands or nod

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

wearverbUS /wer/

be dressed in

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Waved garments were at first the most esteemed of all: after which those composed of various colors came into vogue.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

woolnounUS /wʊl/

a fabric made from the hair of sheep

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading Varro informs us, as an eye-witness, that in the temple of Sancus, the wool was still preserved on the distaff and spindle of Tanaquil,[120] who was also called Caia Cæcilia; and he says that the royal waved (or “watered”) toga, formerly worn by Servius Tullius, and now in the temple of Fortune, was made by her.

woveverbUS /woʊv/

inflected form of “weave” — interlace by or as if by weaving

From this reading Tanaquil was the first who wove the straight tunic, such as our young people and newly-married women wear with the white toga.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Hence was derived the custom, on the marriage of a young woman, of carrying in the procession a dressed distaff and a spindle, with the thread arranged upon it.

Chapter 16 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny by the Elder, 24?-79 Pliny holds 47 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 16 holds 47 sentences of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

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Vocabulary met early in The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boys' and Girls' Pliny, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Village
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Province
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.