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The Boys' and Girls' Pliny
The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny is here in full — 57 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE EXTREME SMALLNESS OF INSECTS.
We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.
Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.
Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.
All these animals have been very properly called insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny is here in full — 57 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE EXTREME SMALLNESS OF INSECTS.
/ðə ekˈstriːm ˈsmɔːlnəs ʌv ˈɪnsekts/
Line 2
We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.
/wiː ʃæl naʊ prəˈsiːd tuː ə dɪˈskrɪpʃən ʌv ˈɪnsekts ə səbˈdʒekt riˈpliːt wɪð ˈendləs ˈdɪfəkəltiz/
Line 3
Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.
/ˈɪnsekts ɑːr ˈnuːmərəs ənd fɔːrm ˈmeni ˈspiːʃiz ənd ðer moʊd ʌv laɪf ɪz laɪk ðæt ʌv ðə tərˈestriəl ˈænəməlz ənd ðə bɜːrdz/
Line 4
Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.
Line 5
All these animals have been very properly calledinsects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ants noun US /ænts/

plural of “ant” — social insect living in organized colonies; characteristically the males and fertile queen have wings during breeding season; wingless sterile females are the workers

From this reading “Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.”

destitute adjective US /ˈdestətuːt/

poor enough to need help from others

From this reading “Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.”

divisions noun US /dɪˈvɪʒənz/

plural of “division” — an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading “All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.”

replete adjective US /riˈpliːt/

filled to satisfaction with food or drink

From this reading “We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.”

segments noun US /ˈseɡmənts/

plural of “segment” — one of several parts or pieces that fit with others to constitute a whole object

From this reading “All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.”

smallness noun US /ˈsmɔːlnəs/

the property of having a relatively small size

From this reading “THE EXTREME SMALLNESS OF INSECTS.”

terrestrial adjective US /tərˈestriəl/

of or relating to or inhabiting the land as opposed to the sea or air

From this reading “Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.”

tube noun US /tuːb/

conduit consisting of a long hollow object (usually cylindrical) used to hold and conduct objects or liquids or gases

From this reading “All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

many species adjective + noun

In this reading “Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

antsnounUS /ænts/

plural of “ant” — social insect living in organized colonies; characteristically the males and fertile queen have wings during breeding season; wingless sterile females are the workers

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

beesnounUS /biːz/

plural of “bee” — any of numerous hairy-bodied insects including social and solitary species

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

corseletnoun

a piece of body armor for the trunk; usually consists of a breastplate and back piece

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

descriptionnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

destituteadjectiveUS /ˈdestətuːt/

poor enough to need help from others

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

divideverbUS /dɪˈvaɪd/

separate into parts or portions

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

divisionsnounUS /dɪˈvɪʒənz/

plural of “division” — an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

endlessadjectiveUS /ˈendləs/

tiresomely long; seemingly without end

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

EXTREMEadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading THE EXTREME SMALLNESS OF INSECTS.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

furnishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃt/

provided with whatever is necessary for a purpose (as furniture or equipment or authority)

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

incisures

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

INSECTSnounUS /ˈɪnsekts/

plural of “insect” — small air-breathing arthropod

From this reading THE EXTREME SMALLNESS OF INSECTS.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

modenounUS /moʊd/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE EXTREME SMALLNESS OF INSECTS.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

proceedverbUS /prəˈsiːd/

continue talking

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

repleteadjectiveUS /riˈpliːt/

filled to satisfaction with food or drink

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

segmentsnounUS /ˈseɡmənts/

plural of “segment” — one of several parts or pieces that fit with others to constitute a whole object

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

separateverbUS /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

slenderadjectiveUS /ˈslendər/

being of delicate or slender build

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

SMALLNESSnounUS /ˈsmɔːlnəs/

the property of having a relatively small size

From this reading THE EXTREME SMALLNESS OF INSECTS.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

speciesnounUS /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

terrestrialadjectiveUS /tərˈestriəl/

of or relating to or inhabiting the land as opposed to the sea or air

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE EXTREME SMALLNESS OF INSECTS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Insects are numerous, and form many species, and their mode of life is like that of the terrestrial animals and the birds.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

tubenounUS /tuːb/

conduit consisting of a long hollow object (usually cylindrical) used to hold and conduct objects or liquids or gases

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

unitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading All these animals have been very properly called “insects,” from the incisures or divisions which separate the body, sometimes at the neck, and sometimes at the corselet, and so divide it into members or segments, only united to each other by a slender tube.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

wingsnounUS /wɪŋz/

a means of flight or ascent

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We shall now proceed to a description of insects, a subject replete with endless difficulties.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Some, like bees, are furnished with wings; others are divided into those kinds which have wings, and those which are without them, such as ants; while others, again, are destitute of both wings and feet.

Chapter 31 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny by the Elder, 24?-79 Pliny holds 57 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny contain?

Chapter 31 holds 57 sentences of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny by the Elder, 24?-79 Pliny exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 57 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Common questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Pliny by the Elder, 24?-79 Pliny on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny?

Yes. All 3612 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58589 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58589, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boys' and Girls' Pliny take to read?

About 301 minutes of reading across 723 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boys' and Girls' Pliny section by section

How to work through The Boys' and Girls' Pliny section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boys' and Girls' Pliny

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boys' and Girls' Pliny, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Village
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Province
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Pliny; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.