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The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch
The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch is here in full — 96 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.
His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.
Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.
He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.
But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch is here in full — 96 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.
Line 2
His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.
/hɪz wɜːrdz ˈoʊvərˈkeɪm hɪm soʊ mʌtʃ æz tuː drɔː terz frʌm hɪz aɪz ənd tuː dɪˈstɜːrb hɪz ˈveri soʊl/
Line 3
Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.
Line 4
He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.
Line 5
But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

addresses noun US /ˈæˈdresɪz/

plural of “address” — (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored

From this reading “But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.”

deficient adjective US /dɪˈfɪʃənt/

inadequate in amount or degree

From this reading “But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.”

mastery noun US /ˈmæstəri/

great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity

From this reading “Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.”

misled verb US /mɪˈsled/

inflected form of “mislead” — lead someone in the wrong direction or give someone wrong directions

From this reading “But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.”

overcame verb US /ˈoʊvərˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “overcome” — win a victory over

From this reading “His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.”

rivals noun US /ˈraɪvəlz/

plural of “rival” — the contestant you hope to defeat

From this reading “Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.”

Socrates noun US /ˈsɑːkrətiːz/

ancient Athenian philosopher; teacher of Plato and Xenophon (470-399 BC)

From this reading “Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.”

varieties noun US /vərˈaɪətiz/

plural of “variety” — a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading “Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

abandonverbUS /əˈbændən/

forsake, leave behind

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

addressesnounUS /ˈæˈdresɪz/

plural of “address” — (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

affectionnounUS /əˈfekʃən/

a positive feeling of liking

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

Alcibiadesnoun

ancient Athenian statesman and general in the Peloponnesian War (circa 450-404 BC)

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

awenounUS /ɑː/

an overwhelming feeling of wonder or admiration

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

closedadjectiveUS /kloʊzd/

not open or affording passage or access

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

correctedadjectiveUS /kərˈektəd/

having something undesirable neutralized

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

deficientadjectiveUS /dɪˈfɪʃənt/

inadequate in amount or degree

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

despisedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspaɪzd/

treated with dislike or contempt

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

disturbverbUS /dɪˈstɜːrb/

move deeply

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

drawverbUS /drɔː/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

flatteries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

fugitivenounUS /ˈfjuːdʒətɪv/

someone who flees from an uncongenial situation

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

growsverbUS /ɡroʊz/

third-person singular of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

humbleadjectiveUS /ˈhʌmbəl/

low or inferior in station or quality

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

luxurynounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəri/

something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

masterynounUS /ˈmæstəri/

great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

misledverbUS /mɪˈsled/

inflected form of “mislead” — lead someone in the wrong direction or give someone wrong directions

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

modestadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdəst/

marked by simplicity; having a humble opinion of yourself

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

overcameverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “overcome” — win a victory over

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

perfectionnounUS /pərˈfekʃən/

the state of being without a flaw or defect

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

proposedverbUS /prəˈpoʊzd/

past form of “propose” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

pursueverbUS /pərˈsuː/

carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

qualitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːlətiz/

plural of “quality” — an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

reducedadjectiveUS /rəˈduːst/

made less in size or amount or degree

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

reverenceverbUS /ˈrevərəns/

regard with feelings of respect and reverence; consider hallowed or exalted or be in awe of

From this reading He despised every one else, and had no reverence or awe for any but him.

rivalsnounUS /ˈraɪvəlz/

plural of “rival” — the contestant you hope to defeat

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

showingnounUS /ˈʃoʊɪŋ/

the display of a motion picture

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

slavenounUS /sleɪv/

a person who is owned by someone

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

SocratesnounUS /ˈsɑːkrətiːz/

ancient Athenian philosopher; teacher of Plato and Xenophon (470-399 BC)

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

softenedadjectiveUS /ˈsɔːfənd/

toned down

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

varietiesnounUS /vərˈaɪətiz/

plural of “variety” — a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But as iron which is softened by the fire grows hard with the cold, and all its parts are closed again; so, as often as Socrates observed Alcibiades to be misled by luxury or pride he reduced and corrected him by his addresses, and made him humble and modest, by showing him in how many things he was deficient, and how very far from perfection in virtue.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading His words overcame him so much, as to draw tears from his eyes, and to disturb his very soul.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Yet sometimes he would abandon himself to flatteries, when they proposed to him varieties of pleasure, and would desert Socrates; who, then, would pursue him, as if he had been a fugitive slave.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Though Socrates had many power rivals, yet the natural good qualities of Alcibiades gave his affection the mastery.

Chapter 19 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch holds 96 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch contain?

Chapter 19 holds 96 sentences of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 96 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Common questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch?

Yes. All 3462 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2484 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2484, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch take to read?

About 288 minutes of reading across 693 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch section by section

How to work through The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Girls
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introductions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.