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The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch
The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
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COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.
They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.
That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.
All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.
Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.
Line 2
They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.
Line 3
That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.
/ðæt soʊ lɔːŋ æz ðeɪ rɪˈmeɪnd ənd held kəˈmænd ɪn ðer rɪˈspektɪv ˈkʌntriz ðeɪ ˈemənəntli səˈsteɪnd ənd wen ðeɪ wɜːr ˈdrɪvən ˈɪntuː ˈeɡzaɪl jet mɔːr ˈemənəntli ˈdæmədʒd ðə ˈfɔːrtʃənz ʌv ðoʊz ˈkʌntriz ɪz ˈkɑːmən tuː boʊθ/
Line 4
All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.
Line 5
Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abhorrence noun US /əbˈhɔːrəns/

hate coupled with disgust

From this reading “All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.”

commemoration noun US /kəˌmemərˈeɪʃən/

a ceremony to honor the memory of someone or something

From this reading “COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.”

conceptions noun US /kənˈsepʃənz/

plural of “conception” — an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances

From this reading “Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.”

contests noun US /ˈkɑːntests/

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading “They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.”

damaged adjective US /ˈdæmədʒd/

harmed or injured or spoiled

From this reading “That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.”

foresight noun US /ˈfɔːrsaɪt/

providence by virtue of planning prudently for the future

From this reading “They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.”

petulance noun US /ˈpetʃələns/

an irritable petulant feeling

From this reading “All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.”

unscrupulous adjective US /ənˈskruːpjələs/

without scruples or principles

From this reading “Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.”

All words in this reading · 126

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

abhorrencenounUS /əbˈhɔːrəns/

hate coupled with disgust

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

actionsnounUS /ˈækʃənz/

plural of “action” — something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

ALCIBIADESnoun

ancient Athenian statesman and general in the Peloponnesian War (circa 450-404 BC)

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

balanceverbUS /ˈbæləns/

bring into balance or equilibrium

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

basenounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

citizensnounUS /ˈsɪtəzənz/

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

commandernounUS /kəˈmændər/

an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

commemorationnounUS /kəˌmemərˈeɪʃən/

a ceremony to honor the memory of someone or something

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

COMPARISONnounUS /kəmˈperəsən/

the act of examining resemblances

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

conceptionsnounUS /kənˈsepʃənz/

plural of “conception” — an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

contestsnounUS /ˈkɑːntests/

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

CORIOLANUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

damagedadjectiveUS /ˈdæmədʒd/

harmed or injured or spoiled

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

decidedlyadverbUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdədli/

without question and beyond doubt

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

deserveverbUS /dɪˈzɜːrv/

be worthy or deserving

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

disgustverbUS /dɪsˈɡʌst/

fill with distaste

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

displayedverbUS /dɪˈspleɪd/

past form of “display” — to show, make visible or apparent

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

eminentlyadverbUS /ˈemənəntli/

in an eminent manner

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

employverbUS /emˈplɔɪ/

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

exileverbUS /ˈeɡzaɪl/

expel from a country

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

favorverbUS /ˈfeɪvər/

promote over another

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

flatterynounUS /ˈflætəri/

excessive or insincere praise

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

foresightnounUS /ˈfɔːrsaɪt/

providence by virtue of planning prudently for the future

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

fortunesnounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənz/

plural of “fortune” — an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

haughtinessnoun

overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

Havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

inclinenounUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪn/

an elevated geological formation

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

Marcius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

militaryadjectiveUS /ˈmɪləteri/

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

occasionsnounUS /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

oligarchicaladjective

of or relating to or supporting or characteristic of an oligarchy

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

onesnounUS /wʌnz/

plural of “one” — the smallest whole number or a numeral representing this number

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

people'snounUS /ˈpiːpəlz/

possessive form of “people” — (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

petulancenounUS /ˈpetʃələns/

an irritable petulant feeling

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

populacenounUS /ˈpɑːpjələs/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

respectiveadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektɪv/

considered individually

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

seductions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

skillnounUS /skɪl/

an ability that has been acquired by training

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

soberadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊbər/

not affected by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

straightforwardadjectiveUS /ˈstreɪtˈfɔːrwərd/

free from ambiguity

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

successfuladjectiveUS /səkˈsesfəl/

having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

sustainedadjectiveUS /səˈsteɪnd/

maintained at length without interruption or weakening

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

undoubtedlyadverbUS /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

ungraciousnessnoun

an offensive lack of good manners

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

unscrupulousadjectiveUS /ənˈskruːpjələs/

without scruples or principles

From this reading Marcius, according to our common conceptions of his character, was undoubtedly simple and straightforward; Alcibiades, unscrupulous as a public man, and false.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

victoriousadjectiveUS /vɪkˈtɔːriəs/

having won

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They both, in pretty equal measure, displayed on numerous occasions the daring and courage of the soldier, and the skill and foresight of the general; unless, indeed, the fact that Alcibiades was victorious and successful in many contests both by sea and land, ought to gain him the title of a more complete commander.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading COMPARISON OF ALCIBIADES AND CORIOLANUS Having described all their actions that seem to deserve commemoration, their military ones, we may say, incline the balance very decidedly upon neither side.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

winningadjectiveUS /ˈwɪnɪŋ/

having won

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading All the sober citizens felt disgust at the petulance, the low flattery, and base seductions which Alcibiades, in his public life, allowed himself to employ with the view of winning the people's favor; and the ungraciousness, pride, and oligarchical haughtiness which Marcius, on the other hand, displayed in his, were the abhorrence of the Roman populace.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading That so long as they remained and held command in their respective countries, they eminently sustained, and when they were driven into exile, yet more eminently damaged the fortunes of those countries, is common to both.

Chapter 23 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch holds 93 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch contain?

Chapter 23 holds 93 sentences of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 93 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Common questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch?

Yes. All 3462 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2484 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #2484, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 288 minutes of reading across 693 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Girls
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introductions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.