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The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch
The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch is here in full — 95 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.
When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.
When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.
He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.
And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Chapter XXXIV · Chapter 34

Chapter 34 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch is here in full — 95 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.
Line 2
When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.
Line 3
When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.
/wen ðeɪ hæv dʌn ðɪs ðeɪ raɪt wʌt ðeɪ pliːz ɑːn ðə skroʊl æz ɪt ɪz ræpt əˈbaʊt ðə stæf ənd wen ðeɪ hæv ˈrɪtən ðeɪ teɪk ɔːf ðə skroʊl ənd send ɪt tuː ðə ˈdʒenərəl wɪˈθaʊt ðə wʊd/
Line 4
He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.
/hiː wen hiː hæz rəˈsiːvd ɪt kæn red ˈnʌθɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈraɪtɪŋ bɪˈkɔːz ðə wɜːrdz ənd ˈletərz ɑːr nɑːt kəˈnektɪd bʌt ɔːl ˈbroʊkən ʌp bʌt ˈteɪkɪŋ hɪz oʊn stæf hiː wɪndz ðə slɪp ʌv ðə skroʊl əˈbaʊt ɪt soʊ ðæt ðɪs ˈfoʊldɪŋ rɪˈstɔːrɪŋ ɔːl ðə pɑːrts ˈɪntuː ðə seɪm ˈɔːrdər ðæt ðeɪ wɜːr ɪn bɪˈfɔːr ənd ˈpʌtɪŋ wʌt kʌmz fɜːrst ˈɪntuː kəˈnekʃən wɪð wʌt ˈfɑːloʊz brɪŋz ðə hoʊl kənˈsɛk.jə.tɪv ˈkɑːntents tuː vjuː raʊnd ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/
Line 5
And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.
/ənd ðɪs skroʊl ɪz kɔːld ə stæf ˈæftər ðə neɪm ʌv ðə wʊd æz ə θɪŋ ˈmeʒərd ɪz baɪ ðə neɪm ʌv ðə ˈmeʒər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

consecutive adjective US /kənˈsɛk.jə.tɪv/

Following continuously in unbroken sequence.

From this reading “He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.”

folding noun US /ˈfoʊldɪŋ/

the process whereby a protein molecule assumes its intricate three-dimensional shape

From this reading “He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.”

lysander noun US /ˌlaɪˈsændər/

Spartan general who defeated the Athenians in the final battle of the Peloponnesian War (died in 395 BC)

From this reading “THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.”

parchment noun US /ˈpɑːrtʃ.mənt/

A stiff, flat, thin material made from the prepared skin of an animal, used for writing.

From this reading “When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.”

restoring verb US /rɪˈstɔːrɪŋ/

-ing form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading “He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.”

scroll noun US /skroʊl/

a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles (as formed by leaves or flower petals)

From this reading “THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.”

thickness noun US /ˈθɪknəs/

the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width

From this reading “THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.”

thong noun US /θɔːŋ/

leather strip that forms the flexible part of a whip

From this reading “When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.”

All words in this reading · 134

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

admiralnounUS /ˈædmərəl/

the supreme commander of a fleet; ranks above a vice admiral and below a fleet admiral

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

bringsverbUS /brɪŋz/

third-person singular of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

communicateverbUS /kəˈmjuːnəkeɪt/

transmit information

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

connectionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

consecutiveadjectiveUS /kənˈsɛk.jə.tɪv/

Following continuously in unbroken sequence.

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

contentsnounUS /ˈkɑːntents/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

coveringnounUS /ˈkʌvərɪŋ/

a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

Ephors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

exactlyadverbUS /ɪɡˈzæktli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

foldingnounUS /ˈfoʊldɪŋ/

the process whereby a protein molecule assumes its intricate three-dimensional shape

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

followsverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊz/

third-person singular of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

leathern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

LIFEnounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

LYSANDERnounUS /ˌlaɪˈsændər/

Spartan general who defeated the Athenians in the final battle of the Peloponnesian War (died in 395 BC)

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.

measuredadjectiveUS /ˈmeʒərd/

having notes of fixed rhythmic value

From this reading And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

parchmentnounUS /ˈpɑːrtʃ.mənt/

A stiff, flat, thin material made from the prepared skin of an animal, used for writing.

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

piecesnounUS /ˈpiːsəz/

plural of “piece” — a separate part of a whole

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

pleaseverbUS /pliːz/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

puttingnounUS /ˈpʌtɪŋ/

hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

restoringverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrɪŋ/

-ing form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

rollverbUS /roʊl/

move by turning over or rotating

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

scrollnounUS /skroʊl/

a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles (as formed by leaves or flower petals)

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

SCROLL-FROM

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

Scytales

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

slipverbUS /slɪp/

move stealthily

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

staffnounUS /stæf/

personnel who assist their superior in carrying out an assigned task

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

thicknessnounUS /ˈθɪknəs/

the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading And this scroll is called a _staff_, after the name of the wood, as a thing measured is by the name of the measure.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

thongnounUS /θɔːŋ/

leather strip that forms the flexible part of a whip

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

voidadjectiveUS /vɔɪd/

lacking any legal or binding force

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading When, therefore, they have occasion to communicate any secret or important matter, making a scroll of parchment long and narrow like a leathern thong, they roll it about their own staff of wood, leaving no space void between, but covering the surface of the staff with the scroll all over.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading THE SCROLL-FROM THE LIFE OF LYSANDER The scroll is made up thus: when the Ephors send an admiral or general on his way, they take two round pieces of wood, both exactly of a length and thickness, and cut even to one another; they keep one themselves, and the other the give to the person they send forth; and these pieces of wood they call Scytales.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

wrappedadjectiveUS /ræpt/

covered with or as if with clothes or a wrap or cloak

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading He, when he has received it, can read nothing of the writing, because the words and letters are not connected, but all broken up; but taking his own staff, he winds the slip of the scroll about it, so that this folding, restoring all the parts into the same order that they were in before, and putting what comes first into connection with what follows, brings the whole consecutive contents to view round the outside.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading When they have done this, they write what they please on the scroll, as it is wrapped about the staff; and when they have written, they take off the scroll, and send it to the general without the wood.

Chapter 34 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch holds 95 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch contain?

Chapter 34 holds 95 sentences of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 95 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Common questions about reading The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch by 46-120? Plutarch on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch?

Yes. All 3462 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2484 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2484, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch take to read?

About 288 minutes of reading across 693 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch section by section

How to work through The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Edited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Girls
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introductions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boys' and Girls' Plutarch; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.