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The Boy's Book of New Inventions
The Boy's Book of New Inventions

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Boy's Book of New Inventions is here in full — 449 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/89 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.
He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.
These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.
With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.
We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boy's Book of New Inventions

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Boy's Book of New Inventions is here in full — 449 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/89 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.
Line 2
He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.
/hiː ˈnevər mɪst ə tʃæns tuː ɡoʊ tuː ðə ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən fiːld ənd səmˈtaɪmz hɪz ˈsaɪəntɪst frend wʊd ɡoʊ wɪð hɪm/
Line 3
These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.
/ðiːz deɪz wɜːr rer triːts ˌɪnˈdiːd fɔːr ðə bɔɪ ˈɔːlweɪz lɜːrnd sʌm nuː ənd ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt pɔɪnts frʌm ðer ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃənz/
Line 4
With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.
Line 5
We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aeronautics noun US /ˌerəˈnɔːtɪks/

the theory and practice of navigation through air or space

From this reading “With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.”

aviation noun US /ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən/

the aggregation of a country's military aircraft

From this reading “AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.”

balloons noun US /bəˈluːnz/

plural of “balloon” — large tough nonrigid bag filled with gas or heated air

From this reading “With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.”

departments noun US /dɪˈpɑːrtmənts/

plural of “department” — a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading “With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.”

fliers noun US /ˈflaɪərz/

plural of “flier” — someone who travels by air

From this reading “With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.”

helicopters noun US /ˈhelɪkɑːptərz/

plural of “helicopter” — an aircraft without wings that obtains its lift from the rotation of overhead blades

From this reading “We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.”

inventors noun US /ˌɪnˈventərz/

plural of “inventor” — someone who is the first to think of or make something

From this reading “AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.”

screws noun US /skruːz/

plural of “screw” — someone who guards prisoners

From this reading “We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fly upward verb + adjective

In this reading “We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.”

important points adjective + noun counted as “important point”

In this reading “These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.”

never missed adverb + adjective

In this reading “He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.”

hot air adjective + noun

air that has been heated and tends to rise

In this reading “With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.”

young friend adjective + noun

In this reading “AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.”

GREAT INDUSTRY adjective + noun

In this reading “AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.”

forgot all verb + adjective counted as “forget all”

In this reading “AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.”

CARRIED ON verb + particle counted as “carry on”

direct the course of; manage or control

In this reading “AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

aeronauticsnounUS /ˌerəˈnɔːtɪks/

the theory and practice of navigation through air or space

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

AEROPLANEnoun

an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

aeroplanes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

ALLadjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

ARTauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

AVIATIONnounUS /ˌeɪviˈeɪʃən/

the aggregation of a country's military aircraft

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

balloonsnounUS /bəˈluːnz/

plural of “balloon” — large tough nonrigid bag filled with gas or heated air

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

BECAMEverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

CARRIEDverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

conversationsnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃənz/

plural of “conversation” — the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

departmentsnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənts/

plural of “department” — a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

DEVELOPMENTnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

divisionsnounUS /dɪˈvɪʒənz/

plural of “division” — an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

fliersnounUS /ˈflaɪərz/

plural of “flier” — someone who travels by air

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

forgotverbUS /fərˈɡɑːt/

inflected form of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

gasnounUS /ɡæs/

the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

GREATadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

GREATESTadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

heavier-than-airadjective

relating to an aircraft heavier than the air it displaces

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

helicoptersnounUS /ˈhelɪkɑːptərz/

plural of “helicopter” — an aircraft without wings that obtains its lift from the rotation of overhead blades

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

horizontaladjectiveUS /ˌhɔːrəˈzɑːntəl/

parallel to or in the plane of the horizon or a base line

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

HOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

INDUSTRYnounUS /ˈɪndəstri/

the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

interestedadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪd/

having or showing interest; especially curiosity or fascination or concern

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

inventionsnounUS /ˌɪnˈvenʃənz/

plural of “invention” — the creation of something in the mind

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

INVENTORSnounUS /ˌɪnˈventərz/

plural of “inventor” — someone who is the first to think of or make something

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

ITpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

lighter-than-airadjective

relating to a balloon or other aircraft that flies because it weighs less than the air it displaces

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

machinesnounUS /məˈʃiːnz/

plural of “machine” — any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

maintainedadjectiveUS /meɪnˈteɪnd/

kept in good condition

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

missedadjectiveUS /mɪst/

not caught with the senses or the mind

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

operationnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃən/

the state of being in effect or being operative

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

orthopters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

rareadjectiveUS /rer/

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

scientistnounUS /ˈsaɪəntɪst/

a person with advanced knowledge of one or more sciences

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

screwsnounUS /skruːz/

plural of “screw” — someone who guards prisoners

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

SPORTSnounUS /spɔːrts/

plural of “sport” — an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

THENadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

treatsnounUS /triːts/

plural of “treat” — something considered choice to eat

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

UNTILprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

upwardadjectiveUS /ˈʌpwərd/

directed up

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading With them we have seen how the science of aeronautics has been divided into two great departments: balloons, or lighter-than-air fliers, and all other machines that are not maintained in the air by hot air or gas.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These days were rare treats indeed, for the boy always learned some new and important points from their conversations.

wing-flapping

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We have seen also the three great divisions of heavier-than-air aviation--that is, orthopters or wing-flapping machines; helicopters or machines that fly upward through the operation of horizontal screws; and aeroplanes.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He never missed a chance to go to the aviation field, and sometimes his scientist friend would go with him.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading AEROPLANE DEVELOPMENT HOW THE INVENTORS CARRIED ON THE ART OF AVIATION UNTIL IT BECAME THE GREATEST OF ALL SPORTS AND THEN A GREAT INDUSTRY So interested in aviation had our young friend become that he forgot all other inventions in his enthusiasm for flying.

Chapter 4 of The Boy's Book of New Inventions by Harry E. (Harry Edward) Maule holds 449 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Boy's Book of New Inventions contain?

Chapter 4 holds 449 sentences of The Boy's Book of New Inventions, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Boy's Book of New Inventions by Harry E. (Harry Edward) Maule exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 449 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Boy's Book of New Inventions?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boy's Book of New Inventions

Common questions about reading The Boy's Book of New Inventions by Harry E. (Harry Edward) Maule on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boy's Book of New Inventions?

Yes. All 3309 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #46232 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boy's Book of New Inventions is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #46232, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boy's Book of New Inventions take to read?

About 275 minutes of reading across 662 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boy's Book of New Inventions section by section

How to work through The Boy's Book of New Inventions section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of The Boy's Book of New Inventions to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boy's Book of New Inventions

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boy's Book of New Inventions, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Appreciation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Book of New Inventions; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Broad
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Book of New Inventions; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Interest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Book of New Inventions; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Activities
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Book of New Inventions; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.