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The boy's Froissart
The boy's Froissart

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The boy's Froissart is here in full — 145 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
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SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.
The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.
It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.
There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.
The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The boy's Froissart

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The boy's Froissart is here in full — 145 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.
Line 2
The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.
/ðə kɪŋ ʌv fræns ˈpʌblɪʃt ə ˈspeʃəl ˈsʌmənz θruːˈaʊt hɪz ˈkɪŋdəm ənd ˈɔːlsoʊ ɪn ˈmeni pɑːrts ʌv ðə ˈempaɪər fɔːr ˈleviɪŋ ʌv ˈfɔːrsɪz/
Line 3
It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.
Line 4
There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.
Line 5
The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bohemia noun US /boʊˈhiːmiə/

a historical area and former kingdom in the Czech Republic

From this reading “It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.”

Bourbon noun US /ˈbɜːrbən/

a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)

From this reading “There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.”

Brittany noun US /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading “There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.”

Earls noun US /ɜːrlz/

plural of “earl” — a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading “There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.”

Geneva noun US /dʒəˈniːvə/

a city in southwestern Switzerland at the western end of Lake Geneva; it is the headquarters of various international organizations

From this reading “It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.”

levying verb US /ˈleviɪŋ/

-ing form of “levy” — impose and collect

From this reading “The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.”

Savoy noun US /səˈvɔɪ/

a geographical region of historical importance; a former duchy in what is now southwestern France, western Switzerland, and northwestern Italy

From this reading “It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.”

Verdun noun US /ˈvɜːrdən/

a battle in World War I (1916); in some of the bloodiest fighting in World War I the German offensive was stopped

From this reading “It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

DE LA noun + noun

In this reading “SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.”

many parts adjective + noun

In this reading “The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.”

serve under verb + particle

In this reading “It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.”

many men adjective + noun

In this reading “It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

Alençon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

Armagnacnoun

dry brandy distilled in the Armagnac district of France

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

BAILLEUL

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

BarnounUS /bɑːr/

a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

baronsnounUS /ˈbærənz/

plural of “baron” — a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

BishopnounUS /ˈbɪʃəp/

a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Blois

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

BohemianounUS /boʊˈhiːmiə/

a historical area and former kingdom in the Czech Republic

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

BourbonnounUS /ˈbɜːrbən/

a reactionary politician in the United States (usually from the South)

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

BrittanynounUS /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

BurgundynounUS /ˈbɜːrɡəndi/

a former province of eastern France that is famous for its wines

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Chalonsnoun

the battle in which Attila the Hun was defeated by the Romans and Visigoths in 451

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

collectverbUS /kəˈlekt/

get or gather together

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Coucy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

CROIX

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

Dammartin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

DEnounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

DukenounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

DukesnounUS /duːks/

plural of “duke” — a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

EarlsnounUS /ɜːrlz/

plural of “earl” — a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

empirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

EXCURSIONnounUS /ɪkˈskɜːrʒən/

a journey taken for pleasure

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

FlandersnounUS /ˈflændərz/

a medieval country in northern Europe that included regions now parts of northern France and Belgium and southwestern Netherlands

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

Foretz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

GenevanounUS /dʒəˈniːvə/

a city in southwestern Switzerland at the western end of Lake Geneva; it is the headquarters of various international organizations

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Harcourt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

homager

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

LAnounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

levyingverbUS /ˈleviɪŋ/

-ing form of “levy” — impose and collect

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

LewisnounUS /ˈluːɪs/

United States rock star singer and pianist (born in 1935)

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Lorrain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

MAKEverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Metz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Montbeliard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Navarre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

PONT-À-TRESSIN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

SavoynounUS /səˈvɔɪ/

a geographical region of historical importance; a former duchy in what is now southwestern France, western Switzerland, and northwestern Italy

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

SIRnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

summonsnounUS /ˈsʌmənz/

a request to be present

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There came to him also, the Dukes of Brittany, Burgundy, and Bourbon, the Earls of Alençon, Flanders, Foretz, Armagnac, Blois, Harcourt, and Dammartin, the Lord Charles of Blois, the Lord of Coucy, and many other knights and barons.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading The King of France published a special summons throughout his kingdom, and also in many parts of the empire, for levying of forces.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

VAUFLART

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

VerdunnounUS /ˈvɜːrdən/

a battle in World War I (1916); in some of the bloodiest fighting in World War I the German offensive was stopped

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The King of Navarre afterwards came with a number of men at arms, to serve for the lands he held in France, and for which he was a homager to the king.

WILLIAM

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR WILLIAM DE BAILLEUL AND SIR VAUFLART DE LA CROIX MAKE AN EXCURSION TO PONT-À-TRESSIN.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It had so good an effect, that Charles, King of Bohemia, the Duke of Lorrain, the Earl of Bar, the Bishop of Metz, the Bishop of Verdun, the Earl of Montbeliard, the Lord John of Chalons, the Earl of Geneva, the Earl of Savoy, and the Lord Lewis, his brother, came to serve under the King of France, with as many men as they could collect together.

Chapter 8 of The boy's Froissart by Jean Froissart holds 145 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The boy's Froissart contain?

Chapter 8 holds 145 sentences of The boy's Froissart, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The boy's Froissart by Jean Froissart exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 145 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The boy's Froissart?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The boy's Froissart

Common questions about reading The boy's Froissart by Jean Froissart on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The boy's Froissart?

Yes. All 4296 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61710 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The boy's Froissart is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #61710, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The boy's Froissart take to read?

About 358 minutes of reading across 860 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The boy's Froissart section by section

How to work through The boy's Froissart section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The boy's Froissart

Words and structures a reader meets early in The boy's Froissart, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Writings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The boy's Froissart; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sidney
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The boy's Froissart; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lanier
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The boy's Froissart; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Poems
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The boy's Froissart; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.