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The Boy's Playbook of Science
The Boy's Playbook of Science

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Boy's Playbook of Science is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 10 of The Boy's Playbook of Science by John Henry Pepper holds 86 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Boy's Playbook of Science contain?

Chapter 10 holds 86 sentences of The Boy's Playbook of Science, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Boy's Playbook of Science by John Henry Pepper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 86 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Boy's Playbook of Science?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boy's Playbook of Science

Common questions about reading The Boy's Playbook of Science by John Henry Pepper on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boy's Playbook of Science?

Yes. All 4206 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41839 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boy's Playbook of Science is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41839, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boy's Playbook of Science take to read?

About 350 minutes of reading across 842 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boy's Playbook of Science section by section

How to work through The Boy's Playbook of Science section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of The Boy's Playbook of Science to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Boy's Playbook of Science

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boy's Playbook of Science, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chemical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Playbook of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Philosophical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Playbook of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Apparatus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Playbook of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Required
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Playbook of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for The Boy's Playbook of Science
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CRYSTALLIZATION.
It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.
The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.
Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.
A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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The Boy's Playbook of Science

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Boy's Playbook of Science is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CRYSTALLIZATION.
Line 2
It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.
Line 3
The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.
Line 4
Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.
Line 5
A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.”

Whether conjunction US /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading “It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.”

All words in this reading · 109

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

74

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

admittance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

affinity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

already

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

amorphous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

ancients

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

applied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

artificial

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

assumed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

binds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

body

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

Brazilian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

certain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

cohesion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

cold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

crystal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

crystalline

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

CRYSTALLIZATION

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CRYSTALLIZATION.

crystallizing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

defined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

describe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

eight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

embodied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

extent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

fee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

figure

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

flat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

force

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

form

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

heat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

ice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

idea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

Indeed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

inorganic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

intensity

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

invited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

large

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

mathematical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

number

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

operation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

ordinary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

originally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

Page

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

particles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

pebble

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

pence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

planes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

possible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

quantities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

regular

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

remarkable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

representing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

rock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

shape

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From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

shapeless

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From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

silica

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

similar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

skaters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

smooth

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From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

soda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

solid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

solidified

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

stated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

substances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

sulphate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

summer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

supposed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

surfaces

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

symmetrical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

term

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

termed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

terminated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A crystal is now defined to be an inorganic body, which, by the operation of affinity, has assumed the form of a regular solid terminated by a certain number of planes or smooth surfaces.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

thawed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

together

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

twelve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

usual

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

usually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

water

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Indeed, this idea of the ancients has been embodied (to a certain extent) in the shape of artificial ice made by crystallizing large quantities of sulphate of soda, which was made as flat as possible, and upon [Page 74] which skaters were invited to describe the figure of eight, at the usual admittance fee, representing twelve pence.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading It has been already stated that the force of cohesion binds the similar particles of substances together, whether they be _amorphous_ or shapeless, _crystalline_ or of a regular symmetrical and mathematical figure.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The term crystal was originally applied by the ancients to silica in the form of what is usually termed rock crystal, or Brazilian pebble; and they supposed it to be water which had been solidified by a remarkable intensity of cold, and could not be thawed by any ordinary or summer heat.