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The Boy's Playbook of Science
The Boy's Playbook of Science

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Boy's Playbook of Science is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Boy's Playbook of Science
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.
_The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).
Symbol, Cl.
Combining proportion, 35.5.
Specific gravity, 2.44.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Boy's Playbook of Science

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Boy's Playbook of Science is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.
/ˈklɔːrin ˈaɪədaɪn ˈbroʊmiːn ˈflʊriːn/
Line 2
_The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).
Line 3
Symbol, Cl.
Line 4
Combining proportion, 35.5.
Line 5
Specific gravity, 2.44.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bromine noun US /ˈbroʊmiːn/

a nonmetallic heavy volatile corrosive dark brown liquid element belonging to the halogens; found in sea water

From this reading “CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.”

chlorine noun US /ˈklɔːrin/

a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)

From this reading “CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.”

Combining noun US /kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ/

an occurrence that results in things being united

From this reading “Combining proportion, 35.5.”

fluorine noun US /ˈflʊriːn/

a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite

From this reading “CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.”

iodine noun US /ˈaɪədaɪn/

a nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; used especially in medicine and photography and in dyes; occurs naturally only in combination in small quantities (as in sea water or rocks)

From this reading “CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.”

Producers noun US /prəˈduːsərz/

plural of “producer” — someone who manufactures something

From this reading “_The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).”

Specific adjective US /spəˈsɪfɪk/

(sometimes followed by “to”) applying to or characterized by or distinguishing something particular or special or unique

From this reading “Specific gravity, 2.44.”

Substances noun US /ˈsʌbstənsəz/

plural of “substance” — the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading “_The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Specific gravity adjective + noun

the density of a substance relative to the density of water

In this reading “Specific gravity, 2.44.”

All words in this reading · 25

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

2.44

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Specific gravity, 2.44.

35.5

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Combining proportion, 35.5.

BROMINEnounUS /ˈbroʊmiːn/

a nonmetallic heavy volatile corrosive dark brown liquid element belonging to the halogens; found in sea water

From this reading CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.

CHLORINEnounUS /ˈklɔːrin/

a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)

From this reading CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.

chlôros

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

Clnoun

a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)

From this reading Symbol, Cl.

CombiningnounUS /kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ/

an occurrence that results in things being united

From this reading Combining proportion, 35.5.

FLUORINEnounUS /ˈflʊriːn/

a nonmetallic univalent element belonging to the halogens; usually a yellow irritating toxic flammable gas; a powerful oxidizing agent; recovered from fluorite or cryolite or fluorapatite

From this reading CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

gravitynounUS /ˈɡrævəti/

(physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface

From this reading Specific gravity, 2.44.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

Halogens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

IODINEnounUS /ˈaɪədaɪn/

a nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; used especially in medicine and photography and in dyes; occurs naturally only in combination in small quantities (as in sea water or rocks)

From this reading CHLORINE, IODINE, BROMINE, FLUORINE.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

ProducersnounUS /prəˈduːsərz/

plural of “producer” — someone who manufactures something

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

proportionnounUS /prəˈpɔːrʃən/

the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole

From this reading Combining proportion, 35.5.

SaltnounUS /sɔːlt/

a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

SeanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

SpecificadjectiveUS /spəˈsɪfɪk/

(sometimes followed by “to”) applying to or characterized by or distinguishing something particular or special or unique

From this reading Specific gravity, 2.44.

SubstancesnounUS /ˈsʌbstənsəz/

plural of “substance” — the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

SymbolnounUS /ˈsɪmbəl/

an arbitrary sign (written or printed) that has acquired a conventional significance

From this reading Symbol, Cl.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _The four Halogens, or Producers of Substances like Sea Salt._ Chlorine ([Greek: _chlôros_], green).

Chapter 12 of The Boy's Playbook of Science by John Henry Pepper holds 219 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Boy's Playbook of Science contain?

Chapter 12 holds 219 sentences of The Boy's Playbook of Science, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Boy's Playbook of Science by John Henry Pepper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 219 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Boy's Playbook of Science?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Boy's Playbook of Science

Common questions about reading The Boy's Playbook of Science by John Henry Pepper on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Boy's Playbook of Science?

Yes. All 4206 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41839 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Boy's Playbook of Science is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41839, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Boy's Playbook of Science take to read?

About 350 minutes of reading across 842 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Boy's Playbook of Science section by section

How to work through The Boy's Playbook of Science section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of The Boy's Playbook of Science to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in The Boy's Playbook of Science

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Boy's Playbook of Science, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chemical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Playbook of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Philosophical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Playbook of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Apparatus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Playbook of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Required
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Boy's Playbook of Science; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.