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The Bruce
The Bruce

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Bruce is here in full — 182 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Bruce
Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.
[Sidenote: JAN.
1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.
He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.
The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Bruce

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Bruce is here in full — 182 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.
Line 2
[Sidenote: JAN.
Line 3
1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.
Line 4
He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.
Line 5
The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bot noun US /bɔːt/

botfly larva; typically develops inside the body of a horse or sheep or human

From this reading “1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.”

Bruce noun US /bruːs/

Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)

From this reading “How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.”

commanding adjective US /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading “The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.”

Deceit noun US /dɪˈsiːt/

The action or practice of deceiving someone by concealing or misrepresenting the truth.

From this reading “How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.”

Edward's noun US /ˈedwərdz/

possessive form of “edward” — King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

gan verb US /ɡæn/

inflected form of “gin” — separate the seeds from (cotton) with a cotton gin

From this reading “The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.”

jan noun US /dʒæn/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading “[Sidenote: JAN.”

weill noun US /waɪl/

German composer; collaborated with Bertolt Brecht (1900-1950)

From this reading “He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

1306

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

5

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

avoidedverbUS /əˈvɔɪdɪd/

past form of “avoid” — stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

blyth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

BotnounUS /bɔːt/

botfly larva; typically develops inside the body of a horse or sheep or human

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

BrucenounUS /bruːs/

Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)

From this reading How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.

Bruys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

callit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

chambre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

cher

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

ClerknounUS /klɜːrk/

an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

DeceitnounUS /dɪˈsiːt/

The action or practice of deceiving someone by concealing or misrepresenting the truth.

From this reading How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

Edward'snounUS /ˈedwərdz/

possessive form of “edward” — King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.

EscapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

for-owtyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

ganounUS /ɡɑː/

the first known nerve agent, synthesized by German chemists in 1936; a highly toxic combustible liquid that is soluble in organic solvents and is used as a nerve gas in chemical warfare

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

ganverbUS /ɡæn/

inflected form of “gin” — separate the seeds from (cotton) with a cotton gin

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

gottyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

gret

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

gud

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.

hys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

innys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

JANnounUS /dʒæn/

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading [Sidenote: JAN.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.

lordys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

luk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

manounUS /mɑː/

informal terms for a mother

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

maner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

marschall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

marschell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The marschell till the hall gan ga, 10 And did hys lordys commanding.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

quhile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

respyt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

Sidenote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: JAN.

swyth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading How the Bruce avoided King Edward’s Deceit.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

tyt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

wald

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

weile

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

weillnounUS /waɪl/

German composer; collaborated with Bertolt Brecht (1900-1950)

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

wes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He callit his marschall till him tyt, And bad him luk on all maner, 5 That he ma till his men gud cher; For he wald in his chambre be A weill gret quhile in private, With him a clerk for-owtyn ma.

wyt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

yhe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1306] _Bruce and the Clerk Escape_] The Bruys went till his innys swyth; Bot, wyt yhe weile, he wes full blyth, That he had gottyn that respyt.

Chapter 3 of The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour holds 182 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Bruce contain?

Chapter 3 holds 182 sentences of The Bruce, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 182 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Bruce?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Bruce

Common questions about reading The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Bruce?

Yes. All 8217 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44292 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Bruce is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44292, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Bruce take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1644 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Bruce section by section

How to work through The Bruce section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Bruce to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Bruce

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Bruce, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mackenzie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Outline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scottish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.