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The Bruce
The Bruce

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The Bruce is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Bruce
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.
[Sidenote: OCT.
14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.
For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.
10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Bruce

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The Bruce is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.
Line 2
[Sidenote: OCT.
Line 3
14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.
Line 4
For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.
Line 5
10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ane adjective US /eɪn/

used of a single unit or thing; not two or more

From this reading “10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.”

Bot noun US /bɔːt/

botfly larva; typically develops inside the body of a horse or sheep or human

From this reading “14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.”

Bruce noun US /bruːs/

Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)

From this reading “How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.”

fare noun US /fer/

an agenda of things to do

From this reading “14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.”

herd noun US /hɜːrd/

a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading “10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.”

oct noun US /ɔːkt/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading “[Sidenote: OCT.”

raid verb US /reɪd/

search without warning, make a sudden surprise attack on

From this reading “For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.”

slain noun US /sleɪn/

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading “How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

1318

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

14

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

15

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

5

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

all-way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

aneadjectiveUS /eɪn/

used of a single unit or thing; not two or more

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

anoyit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

arivyng

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

armyt

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

assemblit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

ay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

BotnounUS /bɔːt/

botfly larva; typically develops inside the body of a horse or sheep or human

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

BrucenounUS /bruːs/

Australian physician and bacteriologist who described the bacterium that causes undulant fever or brucellosis (1855-1931)

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

Clare

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

com

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

Dundawk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

Erischry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

farenounUS /fer/

an agenda of things to do

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

FightingnounUS /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

forrouth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

fra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

furth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

fut

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

gangand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

gret

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

herdnounUS /hɜːrd/

a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

hors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

hym

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

IrelandnounUS /ˈaɪərlənd/

a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

Irland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

kyngis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

Magre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

menyhe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

mycht

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

nocht

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

northwarde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

OCTnounUS /ɔːkt/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading [Sidenote: OCT.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

Outane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

quhen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

raidverbUS /reɪd/

search without warning, make a sudden surprise attack on

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

rowtis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

Sidenote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: OCT.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

slainnounUS /sleɪn/

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

south-wart

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

Swa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

thaim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

thair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

thar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

TowardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

trappit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

travaill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

trow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

tuenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 10 Toward Dundawk he tuk the way: And quhen Richard of Clare herd say That he com with ane few menyhe, All that he mycht assemblit he, Of all Irland, of armyt men: 15 Swa that he had thar with him then Of trappit hors tuenty thousand, But thaim that war on fut gangand; And held furth northwarde on his way.

tuk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

twa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For he had nocht than in that land Of all men, I trow, twa thousand, Outane the kyngis off Erischry That in gret rowtis raid hym by.

wald

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How Sir Edward the Bruce was slain in Ireland.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading 14, 1318] _Edward Bruce is bent on Fighting_] Bot he, that rest anoyit ay, And wald in travaill be all-way, A day forrouth thair arivyng That war send till hym fra the King, He tuk his way south-wart to fare 5 Magre them all that with hym war.

Chapter 18 of The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour holds 179 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The Bruce contain?

Chapter 18 holds 179 sentences of The Bruce, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 179 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of The Bruce?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 18 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Bruce

Common questions about reading The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Bruce?

Yes. All 8217 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44292 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Bruce is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44292, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Bruce take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1644 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Bruce section by section

How to work through The Bruce section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Bruce to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Bruce

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Bruce, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mackenzie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Outline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scottish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.