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The Bruce
The Bruce

Chapter XXIV

Chapter 24 of The Bruce is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Bruce
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
1 _in vere._ In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.
338.) The description here is really of the Poets May.”
23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.
24 _in-till ane._ In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.
90 _till the toune._ _Cf._ note on III.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Bruce

Chapter XXIV

Chapter 24 of The Bruce is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.
Line 2
338.) The description here is really of thePoetsMay.”
Line 3
23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.
Line 4
24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.
Line 5
90 _till the toune._ _Cf._ note on III.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ane adjective US /eɪn/

used of a single unit or thing; not two or more

From this reading “24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.”

compass noun US /ˈkʌmpəs/

navigational instrument for finding directions

From this reading “23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.”

February noun US /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading “1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.”

guiding adjective US /ˈɡaɪdɪŋ/

exerting control or influence

From this reading “24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.”

magnetic adjective US /mæɡˈnetɪk/

of or relating to or caused by magnetism

From this reading “23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.”

magnetized adjective US /ˈmæɡnɪtaɪzd/

having the properties of a magnet; i.e. of attracting iron or steel

From this reading “23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.”

needle noun US /ˈniːdəl/

the leaf of a conifer

From this reading “23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.”

Poets noun US /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading “338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.””

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

1307

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

23

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

24

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

338

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

90

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 90 _till the toune._ _Cf._ note on III.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

aneadjectiveUS /eɪn/

used of a single unit or thing; not two or more

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

Bknoun

a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding americium with helium

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

Cfnoun

a radioactive transuranic element; discovered by bombarding curium with alpha particles

From this reading 90 _till the toune._ _Cf._ note on III.

compassnounUS /ˈkʌmpəs/

navigational instrument for finding directions

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

descriptionnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

enounUS /iː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for normal reproduction; an important antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals in the body

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

FebruarynounUS /ˈfebjəweri/

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

guidingadjectiveUS /ˈɡaɪdɪŋ/

exerting control or influence

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

ipronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

IIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading 90 _till the toune._ _Cf._ note on III.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

in-till

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

IVnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

loadstonenoun

a permanent magnet consisting of magnetite that possess polarity and has the power to attract as well as to be attracted magnetically

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

magneticadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnetɪk/

of or relating to or caused by magnetism

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

magnetizedadjectiveUS /ˈmæɡnɪtaɪzd/

having the properties of a magnet; i.e. of attracting iron or steel

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

nanounUS /nɑː/

a silvery soft waxy metallic element of the alkali metal group

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

nedill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

needlenounUS /ˈniːdəl/

the leaf of a conifer

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

PoetsnounUS /ˈpoʊəts/

plural of “poet” — a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

serveverbUS /sɜːrv/

serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

stane

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

straightadjectiveUS /streɪt/

successive (without a break)

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading 338.) The description here is really of the “Poets’ May.”

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading 24 _in-till ane._ “In a straight course,” guiding themselves by the fire.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading 90 _till the toune._ _Cf._ note on III.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading 23 _na nedill had na stane_; _i.e._, neither an actual needle magnetized, nor a piece of magnetic iron, loadstone, to serve as a compass.

toune

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 90 _till the toune._ _Cf._ note on III.

vere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1 _in vere._ “In spring”--February, 1307 (see note on _Bk._ IV.

Chapter 24 of The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour holds 88 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 24 of The Bruce contain?

Chapter 24 holds 88 sentences of The Bruce, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 24 of The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 88 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 24 of The Bruce?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 24 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 24 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Bruce

Common questions about reading The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Bruce?

Yes. All 8217 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44292 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Bruce is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44292, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Bruce take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1644 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Bruce section by section

How to work through The Bruce section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Bruce to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Bruce

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Bruce, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mackenzie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Outline
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scottish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.