Chapter 35 of The Bruce is here in full — 349 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter XXXV
Chapter 35 of The Bruce is here in full — 349 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne. By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388. _Swyr_ is A.S. _swira_ or _swera_, the neck. 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
Chapter 35 of The Bruce is here in full — 349 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/69 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war
From this reading “By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.”
hardy hornless sheep of the Cheviot Hills noted for its short thick wool
From this reading “13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.”
the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body
From this reading “_swira_ or _swera_, the neck.”
one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts
From this reading “15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.”
the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)
From this reading “By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.”
(of a stream) flowing into a larger stream
From this reading “13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.”
a river in northern England that flows east to the North Sea
From this reading “13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.”
a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river
From this reading “13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.”
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
bypass
In this reading “13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
hardy hornless sheep of the Cheviot Hills noted for its short thick wool
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body
From this reading _swira_ or _swera_, the neck.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
used to join alternatives or possibilities
From this reading _swira_ or _swera_, the neck.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
above and across; more than
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
go across or through
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
give an interpretation or explanation to
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites
From this reading _Swyr_ is A.S.
one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
the piece of land on which something is located (or is to be located)
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading _swira_ or _swera_, the neck.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading _swira_ or _swera_, the neck.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
(of a stream) flowing into a larger stream
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
a river in northern England that flows east to the North Sea
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river
From this reading 13 _Redis Swyr._ The pass over Cheviot to the valley of the Rede, a tributary of the Tyne.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading 15 _Outakin Berwik, it allane._ “One town in Scotland was left to the King” (_Vita Edw.
inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically
From this reading By it went the road from Jedburgh, and in it is the site of the Battle of Otterburn, 1388.
Chapter 35 of The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour holds 349 sentences, grouped into 70 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 35 holds 349 sentences of The Bruce, unabridged, divided into 70 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 35 of The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 349 sentences, grouped into 70 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 70 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 70 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 35 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading The Bruce by John, -1395 Barbour on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 8217 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44292 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #44292, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 600 minutes of reading across 1644 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through The Bruce section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 39 chapters of The Bruce to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in The Bruce, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
