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The Busie Body
The Busie Body

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Busie Body is here in full — 470 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/94 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_
W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_
Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.
She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Busie Body

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Busie Body is here in full — 470 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/94 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_
Line 2
W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_
Line 3
Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Line 4
This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.
Line 5
She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Byrd noun US /bɜːrd/

English organist and composer of church music; master of 16th century polyphony; was granted a monopoly in music printing with Thomas Tallis (1543-1623)

From this reading “With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_”

friedman noun US /ˈfriːdmən/

United States economist noted as a proponent of monetarism and for his opposition to government intervention in the economy (born in 1912)

From this reading “W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_”

Minnesota noun US /ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə/

a midwestern state

Nebraska noun US /nəˈbræskə/

a midwestern state on the Great Plains

niles noun US /naɪlz/

plural of “nile” — the world's longest river (4150 miles); flows northward through eastern Africa into the Mediterranean; the Nile River valley in Egypt was the site of the world's first great civilization

From this reading “With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_”

supporter noun US /səˈpɔːrtər/

a person who backs a politician or a team etc.

From this reading “This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.”

sutherland noun US /ˈsʌðərlənd/

Australian operatic soprano (born in 1926)

From this reading “W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_”

trend noun US /trend/

a general direction in which something tends to move

From this reading “This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.”

All words in this reading · 122

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1667

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

1704

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

1709

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

1723

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

19

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

achievedverbUS /əˈtʃiːvd/

past form of “achieve” — to gain with effort

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

AndrewsnounUS /ˈændruːz/

United States naturalist who contributed to paleontology and geology (1884-1960)

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

Angeles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

ARCHERnounUS /ˈɑːrtʃər/

a person who is expert in the use of a bow and arrow

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

ARTHURnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

AVERY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

BENJAMINnounUS /ˈbendʒəmən/

gum resin used especially in treating skin irritation

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

BodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

BOYCE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

BOYSnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

BREDVOLD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

BRITTON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

BROOKSnounUS /brʊks/

United States literary critic and historian (1886-1963)

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

Busie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

ByrdnounUS /bɜːrd/

English organist and composer of church music; master of 16th century polyphony; was granted a monopoly in music printing with Thomas Tallis (1543-1623)

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

CalifornianounUS /ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

Centlivre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

ChicagonounUS /ʃəˈkɑːɡoʊ/

largest city in Illinois; a bustling Great Lakes port that extends 26 miles along the southwestern shoreline of Lake Michigan

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

ClarknounUS /klɑːrk/

United States explorer who (with Meriwether Lewis) led an expedition from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River; Clark was responsible for making maps of the area (1770-1838)

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

CLEANTH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

CLIFFORD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

CollegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

ColumbianounUS /kəˈlʌmbiə/

a North American river; rises in southwestern Canada and flows southward across Washington to form the border between Washington and Oregon before emptying into the Pacific; known for its salmon runs in the spring

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

comediesnounUS /ˈkɑːmədiz/

plural of “comedy” — light and humorous drama with a happy ending

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

comedynounUS /ˈkɑːmədi/

light and humorous drama with a happy ending

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

contributedverbUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪd/

past form of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

dramanounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

EARLnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

EDWARDnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

eighteenthadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the seventeenth in position

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

EMMETT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

ERNEST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

FRIEDMANnounUS /ˈfriːdmən/

United States economist noted as a proponent of monetarism and for his opposition to government intervention in the economy (born in 1912)

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

Gamester

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

HOOKERnounUS /ˈhʊkər/

United States general in the Union Army who was defeated at Chancellorsville by Robert E. Lee (1814-1879)

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

intriguenounUS /ˌɪnˈtriːɡ/

a crafty and involved plot to achieve your (usually sinister) ends

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

IntroductionnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

JAMESnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

Jess

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

JRnounUS /ˈdʒuːnjər/

a son who has the same first name as his father

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

LnounUS /el/

a metric unit of capacity, formerly defined as the volume of one kilogram of pure water under standard conditions; now equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters (or approximately 1.75 pints)

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

laughingadjectiveUS /ˈlæfɪŋ/

showing or feeling mirth or pleasure or happiness

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

LibrarynounUS /ˈlaɪbreriː/

a room where books are kept

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

Los

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

LOUISnounUS /ˈluːɪs/

United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion for 12 years (1914-1981)

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

MemorialnounUS /məˈmɔːriəl/

a recognition of meritorious service

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

MichigannounUS /ˈmɪʃɪɡən/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

MinnesotanounUS /ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə/

a midwestern state

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

MONKnounUS /mʌŋk/

a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

MOSSNER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

NebraskanounUS /nəˈbræskə/

a midwestern state on the Great Plains

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

NILESnounUS /naɪlz/

plural of “nile” — the world's longest river (4150 miles); flows northward through eastern Africa into the Mediterranean; the Nile River valley in Egypt was the site of the world's first great civilization

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

NumbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

PublicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

RICHARD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

SAMUELnounUS /ˈsæmjuːl/

(Old Testament) Hebrew prophet and judge who anointed Saul as king

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

sentimentaladjectiveUS /ˌsentəˈmentəl/

given to or marked by sentiment or sentimentality

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

SeriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

stagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

StatenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

successfuladjectiveUS /səkˈsesfəl/

having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

supporternounUS /səˈpɔːrtər/

a person who backs a politician or a team etc.

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

SusannanounUS /suːˈzænə/

an Apocryphal book consisting of text added to the Book of Daniel

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

SUTHERLANDnounUS /ˈsʌðərlənd/

Australian operatic soprano (born in 1926)

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

SWEDENBERG

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

TnounUS /tiː/

a base found in DNA (but not in RNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

TexasnounUS /ˈteksəs/

the second largest state; located in southwestern United States on the Gulf of Mexico

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Susanna Centlivre (1667?-1723) in _The Busie Body_ (1709) contributed to the stage one of the most successful comedies of intrigue of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

towardprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrd/

in the direction of

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

trendnounUS /trend/

a general direction in which something tends to move

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading She had turned for a time to sentimental comedy and with one of her three sentimental plays, _The Gamester_ (1704), had achieved a great success.

UniversitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

VnounUS /viː/

a unit of potential equal to the potential difference between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated between the two points is 1 watt

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

WnounUS /ˈdʌbəljuː/

a heavy grey-white metallic element; the pure form is used mainly in electrical applications; it is found in several ores including wolframite and scheelite

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With an Introduction by Jess Byrd Publication Number 19 (Series V, No. 3) Los Angeles William Andrews Clark Memorial Library University of California H. RICHARD ARCHER, _Clark Memorial Library_ RICHARD C. BOYS, _University of Michigan_ EDWARD NILES HOOKER, _University of California, Los Angeles_ H.T. SWEDENBERG, JR., _University of California, Los Angeles_

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading This play, written when there was a decided trend in England toward sentimental drama, shows Mrs. Centlivre a strong supporter of laughing comedy.

YalenounUS /jeɪl/

a university in Connecticut

From this reading W. EARL BRITTON, _University of Michigan_ EMMETT L. AVERY, _State College of Washington_ BENJAMIN BOYCE, _University of Nebraska_ LOUIS I. BREDVOLD, _University of Michigan_ CLEANTH BROOKS, _Yale University_ JAMES L. CLIFFORD, _Columbia University_ ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, _University of Chicago_ SAMUEL H. MONK, _University of Minnesota_ ERNEST MOSSNER, _University of Texas_ JAMES SUTHERLAND, _Queen Mary College, London_

Chapter 1 of The Busie Body by Susanna Centlivre holds 470 sentences, grouped into 94 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Busie Body contain?

Chapter 1 holds 470 sentences of The Busie Body, unabridged, divided into 94 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Busie Body by Susanna Centlivre exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 470 sentences, grouped into 94 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Busie Body?

Work through the 94 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 94 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Busie Body

Common questions about reading The Busie Body by Susanna Centlivre on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Busie Body?

Yes. All 1382 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16740 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Busie Body is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16740, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Busie Body take to read?

About 115 minutes of reading across 277 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Busie Body section by section

How to work through The Busie Body section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 3 chapters of The Busie Body to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Busie Body

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Busie Body, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Busie Body; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Publication
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Busie Body; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Number
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Busie Body; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Busie Body; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.