Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Buttoned Sky
The Buttoned Sky

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Buttoned Sky is here in full — 176 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Buttoned Sky
Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.
"Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"
The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.
--Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.
This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Buttoned Sky

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Buttoned Sky is here in full — 176 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.
/ðə mɪŋk hiː ˈkaʊtʃɪz ˈʌndərɡraʊnd bɪˈniːθ ðə ɜːrθ hiː laɪz hiː hiːrz ðə ˈfɑːksəz ˈmɔːrnfəl jel ənd noʊz hiː mʌst ərˈaɪz/
Line 2
"Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"
/tuː ˈmeni lædz hæv ˈhʌntəd bɪn tuː ˈmeni ˈwɪmən sleɪn/
Line 3
The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.
Line 4
--Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.
Line 5
This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Ballad noun US /ˈbæləd/

a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading “--Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.”

beforehand adjective US /bɪˈfɔːrhænd/

being ahead of time or need

From this reading “--Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.”

couches noun US /ˈkaʊtʃɪz/

plural of “couch” — an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading “The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.”

fox's noun US /ˈfɑːksəz/

possessive form of “fox” — alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading “The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.”

insane adjective US /ˌɪnˈseɪn/

afflicted with or characteristic of mental derangement

From this reading “This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.”

Mink noun US /mɪŋk/

the expensive fur of a mink

From this reading “The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.”

mournful adjective US /ˈmɔːrnfəl/

expressing sorrow

From this reading “The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.”

underground adjective US /ˈʌndərɡraʊnd/

under the level of the ground

From this reading “The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

without thinking preposition + noun

In this reading “--Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.”

Too many adverb + adjective

In this reading “"Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"”

new problem adjective + noun

In this reading “--Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.”

head hanging noun + noun

In this reading “This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.”

Beneath the earth preposition + article + noun counted as “beneath … earth”

In this reading “The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.”

many women adjective + noun counted as “many woman”

In this reading “"Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

ariseverbUS /ərˈaɪz/

come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

attackedverbUS /əˈtækt/

past form of “attack” — launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

BalladnounUS /ˈbæləd/

a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"

beforehandadjectiveUS /bɪˈfɔːrhænd/

being ahead of time or need

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

BeneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

couchesnounUS /ˈkaʊtʃɪz/

plural of “couch” — an upholstered seat for more than one person

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

death-grip

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

fox'snounUS /ˈfɑːksəz/

possessive form of “fox” — alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

gentry's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

hangingnounUS /ˈhæŋɪŋ/

decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

hearsverbUS /hiːrz/

third-person singular of “hear” — perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

huntedadjectiveUS /ˈhʌntəd/

reflecting the fear or terror of one who is hunted

From this reading "Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

insaneadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈseɪn/

afflicted with or characteristic of mental derangement

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

ladsnounUS /lædz/

plural of “lad” — a boy or man

From this reading "Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

legsnounUS /leɡz/

staying power

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading "Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"

MinknounUS /mɪŋk/

the expensive fur of a mink

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

mournfuladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrnfəl/

expressing sorrow

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

Nirea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

pickverbUS /pɪk/

select carefully from a group

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

plainlyadverbUS /ˈpleɪnli/

unmistakably (“plain” is often used informally for “plainly”)

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

problemnounUS /ˈprɑːbləm/

a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

Ruck's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

rucker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

slainnounUS /sleɪn/

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading "Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

takesnounUS /teɪks/

plural of “take” — the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Mink he takes his pick in hand To end the gentry's reign.

TooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading "Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"

undergroundadjectiveUS /ˈʌndərɡraʊnd/

under the level of the ground

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This rucker who had her over his shoulder, with a death-grip on her legs and her head hanging down his back, was plainly insane.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading --Ruck's Ballad of the Mink The Lady Nirea thought a moment--she never attacked any new problem without thinking beforehand--and then she began to struggle.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading "Too many lads have hunted been, Too many women slain!"

yellnounUS /jel/

a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition

From this reading The Mink he couches underground, Beneath the earth he lies; He hears the fox's mournful yell, And knows he must arise.

Chapter 3 of The Buttoned Sky by Robert W. Krepps holds 176 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Buttoned Sky contain?

Chapter 3 holds 176 sentences of The Buttoned Sky, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Buttoned Sky by Robert W. Krepps exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 176 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Buttoned Sky?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Buttoned Sky

Common questions about reading The Buttoned Sky by Robert W. Krepps on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Buttoned Sky?

Yes. All 2582 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32473 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Buttoned Sky is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32473, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Buttoned Sky take to read?

About 215 minutes of reading across 517 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Buttoned Sky section by section

How to work through The Buttoned Sky section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of The Buttoned Sky to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Buttoned Sky

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Buttoned Sky, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Legends
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Buttoned Sky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spoke
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Buttoned Sky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Earth's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Buttoned Sky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Glorious
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Buttoned Sky; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.