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The Canterbury pilgrims
The Canterbury pilgrims

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Canterbury pilgrims is here in full — 457 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Canterbury pilgrims
Context Illustration Reading 1/91 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.
Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.
Italics are represented thus _italic_.
Set up and electrotyped.
Published March, 1903.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Canterbury pilgrims

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Canterbury pilgrims is here in full — 457 sentences across 92 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/91 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.
/ˈɑːbviəs ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl ˈerərz hæv bɪn ˈsaɪləntli kərˈektəd/
Line 2
Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.
Line 3
Italics are represented thus _italic_.
/aɪˈtælɪks ɑːr ˌreprɪˈzentɪd ðʌs aɪˈtælɪk/
Line 4
Set up and electrotyped.
Line 5
Published March, 1903.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

hyphenation noun US /ˌhaɪfəˈneɪʃən/

division of a word especially at the end of a line on a page

From this reading “Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.”

italic noun US /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

Italics noun US /aɪˈtælɪks/

plural of “italic” — a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading “Italics are represented thus _italic_.”

punctuation noun US /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading “Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.”

spelling noun US /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading “Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.”

typographical adjective US /ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl/

relating to or occurring or used in typography

From this reading “Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.”

unchanged adjective US /ənˈtʃeɪndʒd/

not made or become different

From this reading “Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.”

Variations noun US /ˌveriˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “variation” — an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading “Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Set up verb + adjective

set up or found

In this reading “Set up and electrotyped.”

All words in this reading · 31

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1903

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Published March, 1903.

accentsnounUS /ˈæksents/

plural of “accent” — distinctive manner of oral expression

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Italics are represented thus _italic_.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

correctedadjectiveUS /kərˈektəd/

having something undesirable neutralized

From this reading Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.

electrotyped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

errorsnounUS /ˈerərz/

plural of “error” — a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.

hyphenationnounUS /ˌhaɪfəˈneɪʃən/

division of a word especially at the end of a line on a page

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

italicnounUS /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Italics are represented thus _italic_.

ItalicsnounUS /aɪˈtælɪks/

plural of “italic” — a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Italics are represented thus _italic_.

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading Published March, 1903.

ObviousadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbviəs/

easily perceived by the senses or grasped by the mind

From this reading Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

PublishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading Published March, 1903.

punctuationnounUS /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

representedadjectiveUS /ˌreprɪˈzentɪd/

represented accurately or precisely

From this reading Italics are represented thus _italic_.

SetverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

silentlyadverbUS /ˈsaɪləntli/

without speaking

From this reading Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.

spellingnounUS /ˈspelɪŋ/

forming words with letters according to the principles underlying accepted usage

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

standardisedadjective

brought into conformity with a standard

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Italics are represented thus _italic_.

typographicaladjectiveUS /ˌtaɪpəˈɡræfɪkəl/

relating to or occurring or used in typography

From this reading Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected.

unchangedadjectiveUS /ənˈtʃeɪndʒd/

not made or become different

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Set up and electrotyped.

VariationsnounUS /ˌveriˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “variation” — an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading Variations in hyphenation and accents have been standardised but all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.

Chapter 1 of The Canterbury pilgrims by Percy MacKaye holds 457 sentences, grouped into 92 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Canterbury pilgrims contain?

Chapter 1 holds 457 sentences of The Canterbury pilgrims, unabridged, divided into 92 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Canterbury pilgrims by Percy MacKaye exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 457 sentences, grouped into 92 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Canterbury pilgrims?

Work through the 92 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 92 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Canterbury pilgrims

Common questions about reading The Canterbury pilgrims by Percy MacKaye on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Canterbury pilgrims?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Canterbury pilgrims is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Canterbury pilgrims take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Canterbury pilgrims

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Canterbury pilgrims, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Canterbury pilgrims, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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