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The Captain of the Janizaries
The Captain of the Janizaries

Chapter XXXVIII

Chapter 38 of The Captain of the Janizaries is here in full — 44 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.
Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.
Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.
These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.
So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Captain of the Janizaries

Chapter XXXVIII

Chapter 38 of The Captain of the Janizaries is here in full — 44 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.
Line 2
Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.
/ðer nuː ˈɑːɡə ˌkɑːmprɪˈhendɪd æt wʌns ðə səɡˈnɪfɪkəns ʌv ðə ˈtɜːrmɔɪl ɪn ðə kæmp ənd ˈheɪsənd tuː ðə dɪˈfens/
Line 3
Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.
Line 4
These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.
/ðiːz əˈseɪlənts wɪθˈdruː frʌm ðə fiːld bʌt ˈoʊnli tuː rɪˈtɜːrn əˈɡen ənd əˈɡen əˈpɑːn ðə ˈpænɪk ˈstrɪkən tɜːrks huːz fɪrz hæd ˈmæɡnəfaɪd ðə ˈnʌmbərz ʌv ðer foʊz ˈɪntuː skɔːrz ʌv ˈθaʊzəndz/
Line 5
So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Aga noun US /ˈɑːɡə/

title for a civil or military leader (especially in Turkey)

From this reading “Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.”

assailants noun US /əˈseɪlənts/

plural of “assailant” — someone who attacks

From this reading “These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.”

confront verb US /kənˈfrʌnt/

oppose, as in hostility or a competition

From this reading “Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.”

confronting verb US /kənˈfrʌntɪŋ/

-ing form of “confront” — oppose, as in hostility or a competition

From this reading “Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.”

diverse adjective US /daɪˈvɜːrs/

many and different

From this reading “So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.”

magnified adjective US /ˈmæɡnəfaɪd/

enlarged to an abnormal degree

From this reading “These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.”

Moslem noun US /ˈmɑːzləm/

a believer in or follower of Islam

From this reading “So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.”

squadrons noun US /ˈskwɑːdrənz/

plural of “squadron” — a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading “Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

main body adjective + noun

In this reading “The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.”

some distance adjective + noun

In this reading “The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.”

withdrew from verb + particle counted as “withdraw from”

In this reading “These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.”

reached the camps verb + article + noun counted as “reach … camp”

In this reading “So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.”

report of verb + particle

In this reading “So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.”

from the field preposition + article + noun counted as “from … field”

In this reading “These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.”

return again verb + particle

In this reading “These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

AganounUS /ˈɑːɡə/

title for a civil or military leader (especially in Turkey)

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

alliancenounUS /əˈlaɪəns/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

assailantsnounUS /əˈseɪlənts/

plural of “assailant” — someone who attacks

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

assaultnounUS /əˈsɔːlt/

close fighting during the culmination of a military attack

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

attacknounUS /əˈtæk/

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

BegverbUS /beɡ/

call upon in supplication; entreat

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

campsnounUS /kæmps/

plural of “camp” — temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

comprehendedadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːmprɪˈhendɪd/

fully understood or grasped

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

conceivedverbUS /kənˈsiːvd/

past form of “conceive” — have the idea for

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

confrontverbUS /kənˈfrʌnt/

oppose, as in hostility or a competition

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

confrontingverbUS /kənˈfrʌntɪŋ/

-ing form of “confront” — oppose, as in hostility or a competition

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

corpsnounUS /kɔːr/

an army unit usually consisting of two or more divisions and their support

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

diverseadjectiveUS /daɪˈvɜːrs/

many and different

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

fearsnounUS /fɪrz/

plural of “fear” — an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

foesnounUS /foʊz/

plural of “foe” — an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

foot-soldiers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

frightnounUS /fraɪt/

an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

hastenedverbUS /ˈheɪsənd/

past form of “hasten” — act or move at high speed

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

headedadjectiveUS /ˈhedəd/

having a heading or course in a certain direction

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

Hunyades

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

imaginedverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒənd/

past form of “imagine” — form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

Ivan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

Janizaries

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

magnifiedadjectiveUS /ˈmæɡnəfaɪd/

enlarged to an abnormal degree

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

Montenegrins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

MoslemnounUS /ˈmɑːzləm/

a believer in or follower of Islam

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

numbersnounUS /ˈnʌmbərz/

the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

panicnounUS /ˈpænɪk/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

quartered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

quartersnounUS /ˈkwɔːrtərz/

housing available for people to live in

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

Scanderbeg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

scoresnounUS /skɔːrz/

a large number or amount

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

significancenounUS /səɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

the quality of being significant

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

squadronsnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrənz/

plural of “squadron” — a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

strickenadjectiveUS /ˈstrɪkən/

grievously affected especially by disease

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

swift-riding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading So rapidly did assault follow assault, and from such diverse quarters, that the Moslem fright imagined one attack was headed by the terrible Ivan Beg with his savage Montenegrins, and another by Hunyades, a report of whose alliance with Scanderbeg had reached the camps before the battle.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

thousandsnounUS /ˈθaʊzəndz/

plural of “thousand” — the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

TurksnounUS /tɜːrks/

plural of “turk” — a native or inhabitant of Turkey

From this reading The corps of Janizaries had been quartered at some distance from the main body of the Turks.

turmoilnounUS /ˈtɜːrmɔɪl/

a violent disturbance

From this reading Their new Aga comprehended at once the significance of the turmoil in the camp, and hastened to the defence.

unableadjectiveUS /əˈneɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

withdrewverbUS /wɪθˈdruː/

inflected form of “withdraw” — pull back or move away or backward

From this reading These assailants withdrew from the field, but only to return again and again upon the panic stricken Turks, whose fears had magnified the numbers of their foes into scores of thousands.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Though he moved rapidly, and with a well conceived plan of confronting the enemy, yet, most of his troops being foot-soldiers, he was unable to confront the swift-riding squadrons of Scanderbeg.

Chapter 38 of The Captain of the Janizaries by James M. (James Meeker) Ludlow holds 44 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 38 of The Captain of the Janizaries contain?

Chapter 38 holds 44 sentences of The Captain of the Janizaries, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 38 of The Captain of the Janizaries by James M. (James Meeker) Ludlow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 44 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 38 of The Captain of the Janizaries?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 38 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #40519, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Captain of the Janizaries take to read?

About 462 minutes of reading across 1110 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Captain of the Janizaries

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Captain of the Janizaries, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Captain of the Janizaries; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Captain of the Janizaries; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Captain of the Janizaries; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ologus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Captain of the Janizaries; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.