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The Castle of Otranto
The Castle of Otranto

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Castle of Otranto is here in full — 94 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Castle of Otranto
Context Illustration Reading 8/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.
The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.
It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.
How much sooner it was written does not appear.
The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Castle of Otranto

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Castle of Otranto is here in full — 94 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 8/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 36–40

Line 1
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.
/ˈprefəs tuː ðə fɜːrst əˈdɪʃən/
Line 2
The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.
/ðə ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ wɜːrk wɑːz faʊnd ɪn ðə ˈlaɪbreriː ʌv æn ˈeɪn.ʃənt ˈkæθlɪk ˈfæməli ɪn ðə nɔːrθ ʌv ˈɪŋɡlənd/
Line 3
It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.
Line 4
How much sooner it was written does not appear.
Line 5
The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barbarism noun US /ˈbɑːrbərɪzəm/

a brutal barbarous savage act

From this reading “The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.”

Catholic adjective US /ˈkæθlɪk/

of or relating to or supporting Catholicism

From this reading “The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.”

Christianity noun US /ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti/

a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

From this reading “The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.”

darkest adjective US /ˈdɑːrkəst/

superlative of “dark” — devoid of or deficient in light or brightness; shadowed or black

From this reading “The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.”

edition noun US /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading “PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.”

incidents noun US /ˈɪnsədənts/

plural of “incident” — a single distinct event

From this reading “The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.”

Naples noun US /ˈneɪpəlz/

a port and tourist center in southwestern Italy; capital of the Campania region

From this reading “It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.”

preface noun US /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading “PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

FIRST EDITION adjective + noun

In this reading “PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.”

in the library preposition + article + noun counted as “in … library”

In this reading “The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.”

in the darkest preposition + article + noun counted as “in … dark”

In this reading “The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1529

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.

agesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading How much sooner it was written does not appear.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.

barbarismnounUS /ˈbɑːrbərɪzəm/

a brutal barbarous savage act

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

believedverbUS /bɪˈliːvd/

past form of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

CatholicadjectiveUS /ˈkæθlɪk/

of or relating to or supporting Catholicism

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

ChristianitynounUS /ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti/

a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

darkestadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːrkəst/

superlative of “dark” — devoid of or deficient in light or brightness; shadowed or black

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How much sooner it was written does not appear.

EDITIONnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

FIRSTadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How much sooner it was written does not appear.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

incidentsnounUS /ˈɪnsədənts/

plural of “incident” — a single distinct event

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.

librarynounUS /ˈlaɪbreriː/

a room where books are kept

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading How much sooner it was written does not appear.

NaplesnounUS /ˈneɪpəlz/

a port and tourist center in southwestern Italy; capital of the Campania region

From this reading It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading How much sooner it was written does not appear.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

PREFACEnounUS /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.

savours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

sooneradverbUS /ˈsuːnər/

comparatives of “soon” or “early”

From this reading How much sooner it was written does not appear.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The principal incidents are such as were believed in the darkest ages of Christianity; but the language and conduct have nothing that savours of barbarism.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The following work was found in the library of an ancient Catholic family in the north of England.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading How much sooner it was written does not appear.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading It was printed at Naples, in the black letter, in the year 1529.

Chapter 1 of The Castle of Otranto by Horace Walpole holds 94 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Castle of Otranto contain?

Chapter 1 holds 94 sentences of The Castle of Otranto, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Castle of Otranto by Horace Walpole exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 94 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Castle of Otranto?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Castle of Otranto

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The Castle of Otranto

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Castle of Otranto, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

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