Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Cathedral
The Cathedral

Chapter XIV

Cover illustration for The Cathedral
Context Illustration Reading 1/64 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.
He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.
At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.
But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.
"I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Cathedral

Chapter XIV

Reading 1/64 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.
Line 2
He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.
Line 3
At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.
Line 4
But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.
Line 5
"I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.”

Books noun US /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading “But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.”

Good noun US /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “"What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.”

Morning noun US /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “"I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."”

Order noun US /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “"I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."”

Struck noun US /struck/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.”

Take noun US /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “"I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."”

Thought noun US /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

Ages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

arduous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

article

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

certainly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

clue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

confusion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

contradictory

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

dismayed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

down

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

Durtal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

emblems

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

evidence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

evil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

exclaimed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

fauna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

fearful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

German

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

goodnounUS /good/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

guide

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

harnessed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

indeed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

ink

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

investigating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

lay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

laying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

lengthy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

mass

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

menagerie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

Middle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

morningnounUS /morning/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

muddle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

newer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

notes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

ordernounUS /order/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

Painters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

pen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

possible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

Primitive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

principle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

sat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

sea

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

seeking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

selection

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

sight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

strucknounUS /struck/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

subject

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

symbolical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

takenounUS /take/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

task

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I must take things in their order," said he to himself, "if indeed any principle of selection is possible in such confusion."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

thoughtnounUS /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading But he now sat dismayed before his books and notes, seeking a clue to guide him through the mass of contradictory evidence that lay before him.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had harnessed himself that morning to the task of investigating the symbolical fauna of the Middle Ages.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading "What a fearful muddle, what a sea of ink is this menagerie of good and evil emblems!" exclaimed Durtal, laying down his pen.

writing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At first sight the subject had struck him as newer and less arduous, and certainly as less lengthy, than the article he had thought of writing on the Primitive German Painters.