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The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2
The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 is here in full — 121 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 9 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 by William Alexander Caruthers holds 121 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 contain?

Chapter 9 holds 121 sentences of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 by William Alexander Caruthers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 121 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2

Common questions about reading The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 by William Alexander Caruthers on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2?

Yes. All 1839 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35645 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35645, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 take to read?

About 153 minutes of reading across 368 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 section by section

How to work through The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Romance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pertains
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Human
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.
Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.
Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.
He immediately threw himself into the thickest of the fight.
With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 is here in full — 121 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.
Line 2
Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.
Line 3
Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.
Line 4
He immediately threw himself into the thickest of the fight.
Line 5
With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Discharged verb US /dɪsˈtʃɑrdʒd/

released from a duty or job

From this reading “Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “He immediately threw himself into the thickest of the fight.”

Hither adverb US /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading “Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.”

However adverb US /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading “With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.”

Thither adverb US /ˈðɪθɜːr/

an old word meaning “to that place”

From this reading “Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.”

All words in this reading · 127

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

again

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

air

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

alarm

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

already

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

anon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

appointments

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

arms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

back

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

Bacon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

beating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

bells

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

bright

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

carriage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

charge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

city

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

clashing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

clouds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

column

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

commotion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

corps

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

court

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

crimson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

dark

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

darkness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

desperate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

desperately

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

dischargedverbUS /dɪsˈtʃɑrdʒd/

released from a duty or job

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

Drums

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

Dudley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

enemies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

engaged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

entirely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

enveloped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

ever

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

fifes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

fight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately threw himself into the thickest of the fight.

fire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

fitfully

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

found

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

frightened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

giving

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

heard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

heavy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He immediately threw himself into the thickest of the fight.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

hitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

illuminating

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

immediately

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately threw himself into the thickest of the fight.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

involved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

lifted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

light

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

lowering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

magazine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

masses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

miscalculated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

muskets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

night

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From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

noonday

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

number

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

objects

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

officers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

petronels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

piercing

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From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

popular

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

protegees

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From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

quick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

quickly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

red

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

ringing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

Roundheads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

ruins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

running

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

rushing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

seen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

sensible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

shot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

shrieking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

smoke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

smouldering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

sooner

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From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

sounding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

succession

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

suddenly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

sulphureous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

surrounding

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

swords

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

tenfold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

thick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

thickest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately threw himself into the thickest of the fight.

thitheradverbUS /ˈðɪθɜːr/

an old word meaning “to that place”

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

threw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately threw himself into the thickest of the fight.

tinge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

tipping

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

trumpets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

tumult

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

valour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

volumes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The night was dark and lowering, and masses of heavy clouds enveloped the city, a bright red column of fire ever and anon shot fitfully up from the smouldering ruins of the magazine, tipping the clouds with a crimson tinge, and illuminating the city to the light of noonday, and again suddenly giving place to volumes of thick sulphureous smoke which involved the surrounding objects in tenfold darkness.

women

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Drums were heard beating to arms--trumpets sounding the charge--fifes piercing the air--bells ringing the alarm--muskets and petronels discharged in quick succession, swords clashing, women shrieking, and men were seen running hither and thither in all the tumult of popular commotion.

young

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With all their desperate valour, however, the two young officers were quickly sensible that they had entirely miscalculated the number and appointments of their enemies.

youthful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bacon had no sooner lifted his frightened protegees into the carriage, than rushing into the back court, he found Dudley at the head of their youthful corps already desperately engaged with the Roundheads.