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The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2
The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 12 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 by William Alexander Caruthers holds 116 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 contain?

Chapter 12 holds 116 sentences of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 by William Alexander Caruthers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 116 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2

Common questions about reading The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 by William Alexander Caruthers on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2?

Yes. All 1839 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35645 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35645, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 take to read?

About 153 minutes of reading across 368 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 section by section

How to work through The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Romance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pertains
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Human
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2
Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.
The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.
The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.
The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.
He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 1 of 2 is here in full — 116 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.
Line 2
The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.
Line 3
The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.
Line 4
The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.
Line 5
He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.”

Amidst preposition US /əˈmɪdst/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading “Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.”

May modal verb US /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading “The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.

air

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

amiable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

amidstprepositionUS /əˈmɪdst/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

announced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

basely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

borne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

buck

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

condition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

conjecture

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

deed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.

described

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

dwelling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

easily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

Fairfax

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

fell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

female

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

form

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

generous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

heart-rending

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

horse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

house

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

imagined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

immediate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

immediately

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

knew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

lamentations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

litter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

moments

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

most

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

Mr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

part

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

people

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

perfectly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

perpetrated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The deed was perpetrated a few moments after he had himself shot the buck.

pierced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

regrets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

shot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

shrieks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The condition of his own immediate family may be more easily imagined than described.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

time

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

unconscious

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He immediately fell from his horse and was for a time perfectly unconscious of his condition.

universal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Mr. Fairfax was borne to his own dwelling upon a litter, amidst the universal regrets and lamentations of the people.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The most heart-rending shrieks pierced the air when it was announced to the female part of it that the amiable and generous head of their house had been basely shot,--by whom he knew not, nor could he form a conjecture.