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The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2
The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2 is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
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General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.
The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.
The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.
This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.
Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2 is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.
Line 2
The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.
/ðə triːz wɜːr əˈɡen brɔːt raʊnd tuː ðer ˈfɔːrmər pəˈzɪʃən ənd ðə lɪmz baɪ wɪtʃ ðemˈselvz hæd ɡeɪnd ˈentrəns lɑːpt ɔːf/
Line 3
The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.
/ðə sʌn ˌhaʊˈevər roʊz əˈbʌv ðə hərˈaɪzən wɪˈθaʊt bɪˈtreɪɪŋ ˈeni saɪn ˈiːðər ʌv ðə ɪkˈspektəd ˈɑːrmi ɔːr ʌv ðə ˈmaʊntəd skaʊts huːm hiː hæd sent aʊt dʒʌst bɪˈfɔːr ðə ˈbætəl/
Line 4
This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.
/ðɪs ˈlætər ˈsɜːrkəmstæns ɡeɪv hɪm nɑːt ə ˈlɪtəl ˌʌˈniːzinəs æz hiː kʊd əˈkaʊnt fɔːr ðer proʊˈtræktɪd ˈæbsəns ɪn noʊ ˈʌðər weɪ ðæn baɪ səˈpoʊzɪŋ ðæt ðeɪ hæd ˈfɑːlən ˈɪntuː sɜːr ˈwɪljəmz hændz/
Line 5
Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apprehending verb US /ˌæprɪˈhendɪŋ/

-ing form of “apprehend” — get the meaning of something

From this reading “General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.”

dismantled adjective US /dɪˈsmæntəld/

torn down and broken up

From this reading “General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.”

fatigues noun US /fəˈtiːɡz/

military uniform worn by military personnel when doing menial labor

From this reading “Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.”

indulging noun US /ˌɪnˈdʌldʒɪŋ/

the act of indulging or gratifying a desire

From this reading “Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.”

lopped verb US /lɑːpt/

inflected form of “lop” — cut off from a whole

From this reading “The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.”

protracted adjective US /proʊˈtræktɪd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading “This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.”

refitted verb US /riˈfɪtɪd/

inflected form of “refit” — fit out again

From this reading “General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.”

William's noun US /ˈwɪljəmz/

possessive form of “williams” — United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)

From this reading “This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

above the horizon preposition + article + noun counted as “above … horizon”

In this reading “The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.”

rising sun adjective + noun

In this reading “General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.”

former position adjective + noun

In this reading “The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.”

gained entrance verb + noun counted as “gain entrance”

In this reading “The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.”

any sign adjective + noun

In this reading “The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.”

other way adjective + noun

In this reading “This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

affordverbUS /əˈfɔːrd/

be able to spare or give up

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

apprehendingverbUS /ˌæprɪˈhendɪŋ/

-ing form of “apprehend” — get the meaning of something

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

approachingnounUS /əˈproʊtʃɪŋ/

the event of one object coming closer to another

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

ardournoun

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

attacknounUS /əˈtæk/

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

BaconnounUS /ˈbeɪkən/

back and sides of a hog salted and dried or smoked; usually sliced thin and fried

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

Berkley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

betrayingverbUS /bɪˈtreɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “betray” — reveal unintentionally

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

cheerfullyadverbUS /ˈtʃɪrfəli/

in a cheerful manner

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

columnsnounUS /ˈkɑːləmz/

plural of “column” — a line of units following one after another

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

discloseverbUS /dɪˈskloʊz/

make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

dismantledadjectiveUS /dɪˈsmæntəld/

torn down and broken up

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

extraordinaryadjectiveUS /ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri/

beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

fatiguesnounUS /fəˈtiːɡz/

military uniform worn by military personnel when doing menial labor

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

fortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

horizonnounUS /hərˈaɪzən/

the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

indulgedverbUS /ˌɪnˈdʌldʒd/

past form of “indulge” — give free rein to

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

indulgingnounUS /ˌɪnˈdʌldʒɪŋ/

the act of indulging or gratifying a desire

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

limbsnounUS /lɪmz/

plural of “limb” — one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

loppedverbUS /lɑːpt/

inflected form of “lop” — cut off from a whole

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

MostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

mountedadjectiveUS /ˈmaʊntəd/

assembled for use; especially by being attached to a support

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

protectionnounUS /prəˈtekʃən/

the activity of protecting someone or something

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

protractedadjectiveUS /proʊˈtræktɪd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

refittedverbUS /riˈfɪtɪd/

inflected form of “refit” — fit out again

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

renewedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnuːd/

restored to a new condition

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

reposeverbUS /riˈpoʊz/

put or confide something in a person or thing

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

scoutsnounUS /skaʊts/

plural of “scout” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

supposingverbUS /səˈpoʊzɪŋ/

-ing form of “suppose” — express a supposition

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

uneasinessnounUS /ˌʌˈniːzinəs/

feelings of anxiety that make you tense and irritable

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The trees were again brought round to their former position, and the limbs by which themselves had gained entrance lopped off.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading General Bacon apprehending that the rising sun might disclose to view the approaching columns of the army under Sir William Berkley, had ordered the dismantled fort to be refitted in such a manner as to afford some protection to his exhausted troops.

William'snounUS /ˈwɪljəmz/

possessive form of “williams” — United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)

From this reading This latter circumstance gave him not a little uneasiness, as he could account for their protracted absence in no other way than by supposing that they had fallen into Sir William's hands.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The sun, however, rose above the horizon without betraying any sign, either of the expected army, or of the mounted scouts whom he had sent out just before the battle.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Most of the troops were yet indulging in repose, after the extraordinary fatigues of the night, and were cheerfully indulged by their officers, in the hope that they would rise with renewed ardour and courage for the expected attack.

Chapter 8 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2 by William Alexander Caruthers holds 160 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 160 sentences of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2 by William Alexander Caruthers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 160 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #36753, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 173 minutes of reading across 416 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lightning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Streamed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Athwart
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heavens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cavaliers of Virginia, Vol. 2 of 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.