Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10
The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 is here in full — 125 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.
Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.
Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.
I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.
It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 is here in full — 125 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.
Line 2
Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.
Line 3
Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.
Line 4
I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.
/aɪ kʊd ˈnevər ber tuː θɪŋk ðæt hiː hæd dʌn ˈeniθɪŋ miːn ənd ˈkrɪmənəl ˌhaʊˈevər aɪ maɪt bɪˈliːv hiː hæd bɪn ræʃ ənd ˈfɔːlti/
Line 5
It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

equivocal adjective US /ɪˈkwɪvəkəl/

open to two or more interpretations; or of uncertain nature or significance; or (often) intended to mislead

From this reading “It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.”

faulty adjective US /ˈfɔːlti/

having a defect

From this reading “I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.”

headstrong adjective US /ˈhedstrɔːŋ/

habitually disposed to disobedience and opposition

From this reading “Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.”

inquisitive adjective US /ˌɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

showing curiosity

From this reading “It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.”

intact adjective US /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading “It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.”

parentage noun US /ˈperəntədʒ/

the state of being a parent

From this reading “My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.”

sanction noun US /ˈsæŋkʃən/

formal and explicit approval

From this reading “Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.”

thwarted adjective US /ˈθwɔːrtɪd/

disappointingly unsuccessful

From this reading “Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

adventurousadjectiveUS /ædˈventʃərəs/

willing to undertake or seeking out new and daring enterprises

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

agreeableadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːəbəl/

conforming to your own liking or feelings or nature

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

attachmentnounUS /əˈtætʃmənt/

a feeling of affection for a person or an institution

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

audacitynounUS /ɑːˈdæs.ə.t̬i/

A willingness to take bold risks; insolent and daring boldness that defies all authority.

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

clearedadjectiveUS /klɪrd/

rid of objects or obstructions such as e.g. trees and brush

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

commonlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːmənli/

under normal conditions

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

conjecturenounUS /kənˈdʒektʃər/

a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

cradlenounUS /ˈkreɪdəl/

a baby bed with sides and rockers

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

criminaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪmənəl/

bringing or deserving severe rebuke or censure

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

discreditableadjective

tending to bring discredit or disrepute; blameworthy

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

equivocaladjectiveUS /ɪˈkwɪvəkəl/

open to two or more interpretations; or of uncertain nature or significance; or (often) intended to mislead

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

explanationnounUS /ˌekspləˈneɪʃən/

a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

failedverbUS /feɪld/

past form of “fail” — fail to do something; leave something undone

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

faultyadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːlti/

having a defect

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

Francis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

headstrongadjectiveUS /ˈhedstrɔːŋ/

habitually disposed to disobedience and opposition

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

inquisitiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

showing curiosity

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

intactadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtækt/

constituting the undiminished entirety; lacking nothing essential especially not damaged

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

irritatedadjectiveUS /ˈɪrəteɪtəd/

aroused to impatience or anger

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

likelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪkli/

has a good chance of being the case or of coming about

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

mysterynounUS /ˈmɪstəri/

something that baffles understanding and cannot be explained

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

NothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

parentagenounUS /ˈperəntədʒ/

the state of being a parent

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

positiveadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːzətɪv/

characterized by or displaying affirmation or acceptance or certainty etc.

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

rashnounUS /ræʃ/

any red eruption of the skin

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

revoltnounUS /rɪˈvoʊlt/

organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

sanctionnounUS /ˈsæŋkʃən/

formal and explicit approval

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

silentadjectiveUS /ˈsaɪlənt/

marked by absence of sound

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

tempernounUS /ˈtempər/

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading I could never bear to think that he had done anything mean and criminal, however I might believe he had been rash and faulty.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

thwartedadjectiveUS /ˈθwɔːrtɪd/

disappointingly unsuccessful

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

uncle'snounUS /ˈʌŋkəlz/

possessive form of “uncle” — the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

unfriended

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

Vivian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading My uncle's conjecture as to the parentage of Francis Vivian seemed to me a positive discovery.

wanderernounUS /ˈwɑːndərər/

someone who leads a wandering unsettled life

From this reading It was natural that the unfriended wanderer should have been thrown into a society, the equivocal character of which had failed to revolt the audacity of an inquisitive mind and adventurous temper; but it was natural also that the habits of gentle birth, and that silent education which English gentlemen commonly receive from their very cradle, should have preserved his honor, at least, intact through all.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Such an explanation was the more agreeable to me as it cleared up much that had appeared discreditable in the mystery that surrounded Vivian.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

wilfuladjective

done by design

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Nothing more likely than that this wilful boy had formed some headstrong attachment which no father would sanction, and so, thwarted and irritated, thrown himself on the world.

Chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 125 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 125 sentences of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 125 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10

Common questions about reading The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10?

Yes. All 436 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7595 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7595, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 take to read?

About 36 minutes of reading across 88 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 section by section

How to work through The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Uncle's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conjecture
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parentage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Francis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 10; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.