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The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17
The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 is here in full — 29 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17
Context Illustration Reading 1/5 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.
I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.
Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.
If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.
Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 is here in full — 29 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/5 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.
Line 2
I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.
/aɪ nuː ðæt maɪ ˈfɑːðər kʊd nɑːt set hɪmˈself ɪn ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃən tuː ðə dɪˈlɪbərət ənd ˈtʃerɪʃt dɪˈzaɪər ʌv ə mæn huː hæd naʊ ərˈaɪvd æt ðə fʊl streŋkθ ʌv hɪz ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ ənd mʌst biː left æt ˈlɪb.ər.ti tuː meɪk hɪz oʊn ɪˈlekʃən ʌv ðə pæðz ʌv laɪf/
Line 3
Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.
Line 4
If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.
Line 5
Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.
/naʊ ðə ˌɪmˈpeɪʃənt dɪˈzaɪər fɔːr rɪˈdempʃən tʊk ə mɔːr mənˈdeɪn dərˈekʃən bʌt wɪð ˈsʌmθɪŋ ðæt siːmd ˈɔːlmoʊst ˈspɪrɪtʃuːəl ɪn ɪts ˈfɜːrvər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barefoot adjective US /ˈberfʊt/

without shoes

From this reading “If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.”

fanaticism noun US /fəˈnætəsɪzəm/

excessive intolerance of opposing views

From this reading “If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.”

hermitage noun US /ˈhɜːrmətədʒ/

the abode of a hermit

From this reading “If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.”

infidel noun US /ˈɪnfɪdel/

a person who does not acknowledge your god

From this reading “If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.”

mediocre adjective US /ˌmiːdiˈoʊkər/

moderate to inferior in quality

From this reading “If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.”

mundane adjective US /mənˈdeɪn/

found in the ordinary course of events

From this reading “Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.”

redemption noun US /rɪˈdempʃən/

(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil

From this reading “Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.”

wrestled verb US /ˈresəld/

past form of “wrestle” — combat to overcome an opposing tendency or force

From this reading “If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.”

All words in this reading · 121

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

armornounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

protective covering made of metal and used in combat

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

awaking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

barefootadjectiveUS /ˈberfʊt/

without shoes

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

cherishedadjectiveUS /ˈtʃerɪʃt/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

confessionnounUS /kənˈfeʃən/

an admission of misdeeds or faults

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

contentedadjectiveUS /kənˈtentəd/

satisfied or showing satisfaction with things as they are

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

deliberateadjectiveUS /dɪˈlɪbərət/

carefully thought out in advance

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

depthsnounUS /depθs/

(plural) the deepest and most remote part

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

dutiesnounUS /ˈduːtiz/

plural of “duty” — the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

electionnounUS /ɪˈlekʃən/

a vote to select the winner of a position or political office

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

enthusiasmnounUS /ɪnˈθuːziæzəm/

a feeling of excitement

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

fanaticismnounUS /fəˈnætəsɪzəm/

excessive intolerance of opposing views

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

fervornounUS /ˈfɜːrvər/

feelings of great warmth and intensity

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

fiendnounUS /fiːnd/

a cruel wicked and inhuman person

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

fieryadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪəri/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

foreboded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

goodnessnounUS /ˈɡʊdnəs/

that which is pleasing or valuable or useful

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

hermitagenounUS /ˈhɜːrmətədʒ/

the abode of a hermit

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

impatientadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃənt/

restless or short-tempered under delay or opposition

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

infidelnounUS /ˈɪnfɪdel/

a person who does not acknowledge your god

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

influencesnounUS /ˈɪnfluːənsɪz/

plural of “influence” — a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

LongadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

marchedverbUS /mɑːrtʃt/

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

mediocreadjectiveUS /ˌmiːdiˈoʊkər/

moderate to inferior in quality

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

monkishadjective

befitting a monk; inclined to self-denial

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

mundaneadjectiveUS /mənˈdeɪn/

found in the ordinary course of events

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

oppositionnounUS /ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

pathosnounUS /ˈpeɪθɑːs/

a quality that arouses emotions (especially pity or sorrow)

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

pathsnounUS /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

plungedverbUS /plʌndʒd/

past form of “plunge” — thrust or throw into

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

purportverbUS /ˈpɜːrpɔːrt/

have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

redemptionnounUS /rɪˈdempʃən/

(theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

religiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

repliesnounUS /rɪˈplaɪz/

plural of “reply” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

sackclothnoun

a garment made of coarse sacking; formerly worn as an indication of remorse

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

sinnounUS /sɪn/

estrangement from god

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

soberadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊbər/

not affected by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

spiritualadjectiveUS /ˈspɪrɪtʃuːəl/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

submittedverbUS /səbˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Now, the impatient desire for redemption took a more mundane direction, but with something that seemed almost spiritual in its fervor.

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

Vivian's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

weaknessnounUS /ˈwiːknəs/

a flaw or weak point

From this reading Long after that date I saw Vivian's letter to my father; and even his conversation had scarcely prepared me for the pathos of that confession of a mind remarkable alike for its strength and its weakness.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The weeks and the months rolled on, and the replies to Vivian's letters came at last; I foreboded too well their purport.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I knew that my father could not set himself in opposition to the deliberate and cherished desire of a man who had now arrived at the full strength of his understanding, and must be left at liberty to make his own election of the paths of life.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

wrestledverbUS /ˈresəld/

past form of “wrestle” — combat to overcome an opposing tendency or force

From this reading If born in the age, or submitted to the influences, of religious enthusiasm, here was a nature that, awaking from sin, could not have been contented with the sober duties of mediocre goodness; that would have plunged into the fiery depths of monkish fanaticism, wrestled with the fiend in the hermitage, or marched barefoot on the infidel with a sackcloth for armor,--the cross for a sword.

Chapter 3 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 29 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 contain?

Chapter 3 holds 29 sentences of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 29 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17

Common questions about reading The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17?

Yes. All 485 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7603 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7603, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 take to read?

About 40 minutes of reading across 97 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 section by section

How to work through The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Stage-scene
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dropped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Settle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Yourselves
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 17; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.