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The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18
The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 is here in full — 51 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!
Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.
All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.
Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.
And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 is here in full — 51 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!
/əˈduː ðaʊ ˈbjuːtəfəl lænd ˈkeɪnən ʌv ðə ˈeɡzaɪlz ənd ˈærərɑːt tuː ˈmeni ə ˈʃætərd ɑːrk/
Line 2
Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.
Line 3
All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.
/ɔːl ˈklaɪməts ðæt kæn best ˈraɪpən ðə ˈprɑːdəkts ʌv ɜːrθ ɔːr fɔːrm ˈɪntuː ˈveriəs ˈkerɪktər ənd ˈtempər ðə ˈdɪfərənt ˈfæməliz ʌv mæn ɪz reɪn ˈɪnfluːənsɪz frʌm ðə ˈhevən ðæt smaɪlz soʊ bəˈnaɪnli ɑːn ðoʊz huː hæd wʌns ʃrʌŋk ˈræɡəd frʌm ðə waɪnd ɔːr skaʊld ɑːn ðə ˈθæŋkləs sʌn/
Line 4
Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.
Line 5
And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.
/ənd wɪð ðə biːmz ʌv ˈevəri ˈklaɪmət ɡlaɪdz ˈsʌtəl hoʊp/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Ararat noun US /ˈærərɑːt/

the mountain peak that Noah's ark landed on as the waters of the great flood receded

From this reading “Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!”

benignly adverb US /bəˈnaɪnli/

in a benign manner

From this reading “All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.”

Canaan noun US /ˈkeɪnən/

an ancient country in southwestern Asia on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea; a place of pilgrimage for Christianity and Islam and Judaism

From this reading “Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!”

climates noun US /ˈklaɪməts/

plural of “climate” — the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading “All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.”

cycles noun US /ˈsaɪkəlz/

plural of “cycle” — an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs

From this reading “Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.”

glides noun US /ɡlaɪdz/

plural of “glide” — a vowellike sound that serves as a consonant

From this reading “And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.”

thankless adjective US /ˈθæŋkləs/

not feeling or showing gratitude

From this reading “All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.”

transmit verb US /trænzˈmɪt/

transfer to another

From this reading “Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

AdieunounUS /əˈduː/

a farewell remark

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

afaradverbUS /əˈfɑːr/

(old-fashioned) at or from or to a great distance; far

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

AraratnounUS /ˈærərɑːt/

the mountain peak that Noah's ark landed on as the waters of the great flood receded

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

arknounUS /ɑːrk/

(Judaism) sacred chest where the ancient Hebrews kept the two tablets containing the Ten Commandments

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

autumns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

beamsnounUS /biːmz/

plural of “beam” — a signal transmitted along a narrow path; guides airplane pilots in darkness or bad weather

From this reading And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

benignlyadverbUS /bəˈnaɪnli/

in a benign manner

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

breathlessadjectiveUS /ˈbreθləs/

not breathing or able to breathe except with difficulty

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

CanaannounUS /ˈkeɪnən/

an ancient country in southwestern Asia on the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea; a place of pilgrimage for Christianity and Islam and Judaism

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

ChangeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

chillnounUS /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.

climatesnounUS /ˈklaɪməts/

plural of “climate” — the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

conjecturenounUS /kənˈdʒektʃər/

a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing (usually with little hard evidence)

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

cradlenounUS /ˈkreɪdəl/

a baby bed with sides and rockers

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

cyclesnounUS /ˈsaɪkəlz/

plural of “cycle” — an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

decaynounUS /dɪˈkeɪ/

the process of gradually becoming inferior

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

divineadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪn/

emanating from God

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

elementsnounUS /ˈeləmənts/

violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.

exilesnounUS /ˈeɡzaɪlz/

plural of “exile” — a person who is voluntarily absent from home or country

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

FairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

futureadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtʃər/

yet to be or coming

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

glidesnounUS /ɡlaɪdz/

plural of “glide” — a vowellike sound that serves as a consonant

From this reading And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.

glownounUS /ɡloʊ/

an alert and refreshed state

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

goldenadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊldən/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

heritagenounUS /ˈherətədʒ/

practices that are handed down from the past by tradition

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

HopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

InfiniteadjectiveUS /ˈɪnfənət/

having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

influencesnounUS /ˈɪnfluːənsɪz/

plural of “influence” — a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

IslenounUS /aɪl/

a small island

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

mildadjectiveUS /maɪld/

moderate in type or degree or effect or force; far from extreme

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

MothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

perchanceadverbUS /pərˈtʃæns/

through chance

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

productsnounUS /ˈprɑːdəkts/

plural of “product” — commodities offered for sale

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

promiseverbUS /ˈprɑːməs/

make a promise or commitment

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

prophetnounUS /ˈprɑːfət/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

raggedadjectiveUS /ˈræɡəd/

being or dressed in clothes that are worn or torn

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

renewverbUS /rɪˈnuː/

reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

ripenverbUS /ˈraɪpən/

cause to ripen or develop fully

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

sagenounUS /seɪdʒ/

a mentor in spiritual and philosophical topics who is renowned for profound wisdom

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

scowledverbUS /skaʊld/

past form of “scowl” — frown with displeasure

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

shatteredadjectiveUS /ˈʃætərd/

ruined or disrupted

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

shrunkverbUS /ʃrʌŋk/

inflected form of “shrink” — wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

sinsnounUS /sɪnz/

plural of “sin” — estrangement from god

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

smilesnounUS /smaɪlz/

plural of “smile” — a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

sorrowsnounUS /ˈsɑːroʊz/

plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

strugglingadjectiveUS /ˈstrʌɡəlɪŋ/

engaged in a struggle to overcome especially poverty or obscurity

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

subtleadjectiveUS /ˈsʌtəl/

difficult to detect or grasp by the mind or analyze

From this reading And with the beams of every climate, glides subtle Hope.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

tempernounUS /ˈtempər/

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

thanklessadjectiveUS /ˈθæŋkləs/

not feeling or showing gratitude

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

TimenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Adieu, thou beautiful land, Canaan of the exiles, and Ararat to many a shattered ark!

transmitverbUS /trænzˈmɪt/

transfer to another

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

tropicsnounUS /ˈtrɑːpɪks/

the part of the Earth's surface between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn; characterized by a hot climate

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

unboundedadjectiveUS /ənˈbaʊndɪd/

seemingly boundless in amount, number, degree, or especially extent

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

warmthnounUS /wɔːrmθ/

the sensation caused by heat energy

From this reading Here, the hard air of the chill Mother Isle,--there, the mild warmth of Italian autumns or the breathless glow of the tropics.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading All climates that can best ripen the products of earth or form into various character and temper the different families of man is "rain influences" from the heaven that smiles so benignly on those who had once shrunk, ragged, from the wind, or scowled on the thankless sun.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading Fair cradle of a race for whom the unbounded heritage of a future that no sage can conjecture, no prophet divine, lies afar in the golden promise--light of Time!--destined, perchance, from the sins and sorrows of a civilization struggling with its own elements of decay, to renew the youth of the world, and transmit the great soul of England through the cycles of Infinite Change.

Chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 51 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 51 sentences of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 51 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18

Common questions about reading The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18?

Yes. All 538 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7604 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7604, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 take to read?

About 44 minutes of reading across 108 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 section by section

How to work through The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Adieu
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beautiful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Canaan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Exiles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Caxtons: A Family Picture — Volume 18; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.