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The Chartreuse of Parma
The Chartreuse of Parma

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of The Chartreuse of Parma is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.
The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.
But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.
Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.
In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Chartreuse of Parma

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of The Chartreuse of Parma is here in full — 201 sentences across 41 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.
Line 2
The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.
Line 3
But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.
Line 4
Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.
Line 5
In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bonaparte noun US /ˈboʊnəpɑːrt/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading “MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.”

earned adjective US /ɜːrnd/

gained or acquired; especially through merit or as a result of effort or action

From this reading “In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.”

horde noun US /hɔːrd/

a vast multitude

From this reading “But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.”

Imperial adjective US /ˌɪmˈpɪriəl/

relating to or associated with an empire

From this reading “But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.”

lapse verb US /læps/

pass into a specified state or condition

From this reading “MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.”

milan noun US /məˈlɑːn/

the capital of Lombardy in northern Italy; has been an international center of trade and industry since the Middle Ages

From this reading “MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.”

prodigies noun US /ˈprɑːdədʒiz/

plural of “prodigy” — an unusually gifted or intelligent (young) person; someone whose talents excite wonder and admiration

From this reading “The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.”

successor noun US /səkˈsesər/

a person who follows next in order

From this reading “MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

middle ages noun + noun counted as “middle age”

the time of life between youth and old age (e.g., between 40 and 60 years of age)

In this reading “In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.”

three times noun + noun

by a factor of three

In this reading “Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.”

few months adjective + noun counted as “few month”

In this reading “The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.”

all events adjective + noun counted as “all event”

In this reading “Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.”

In the middle preposition + article + noun counted as “in … middle”

In this reading “In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.”

lapse of verb + particle

In this reading “MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.”

marched into verb + particle counted as “march into”

In this reading “MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.”

into the city preposition + article + noun counted as “into … city”

In this reading “MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

15th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

1796

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

agesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

AlexandernounUS /ˌæləɡˈzændər/

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

biggeradjectiveUS /ˈbɪɡər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

BonapartenounUS /ˈboʊnəpɑːrt/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

BridgenounUS /brɪdʒ/

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

brigands

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

Cæsar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

destructionnounUS /dɪˈstrʌkʃən/

the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

dirty-looking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

earnedadjectiveUS /ɜːrnd/

gained or acquired; especially through merit or as a result of effort or action

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

emperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

geniusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

hordenounUS /hɔːrd/

a vast multitude

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

ImperialadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɪriəl/

relating to or associated with an empire

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

informationnounUS /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən/

a message received and understood

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

lapseverbUS /læps/

pass into a specified state or condition

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

Lodi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

MajestynounUS /ˈmædʒəsti/

impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

man'snounUS /mænz/

possessive form of “man” — an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

marchedverbUS /mɑːrtʃt/

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

MILANnounUS /məˈlɑːn/

the capital of Lombardy in northern Italy; has been an international center of trade and industry since the Middle Ages

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

Milanesenoun

a native or inhabitant of Milan

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

newspapernounUS /ˈnuːzpeɪpər/

a daily or weekly publication on folded sheets; contains news and articles and advertisements

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

prodigiesnounUS /ˈprɑːdədʒiz/

plural of “prodigy” — an unusually gifted or intelligent (young) person; someone whose talents excite wonder and admiration

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

repeatedadjectiveUS /rɪˈpiːtɪd/

recurring again and again

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

RevolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading In the middle ages, the Milanese had been as brave as the French of the Revolution, and their courage earned the complete destruction of their city by the German emperor.

rousedverbUS /raʊzd/

past form of “rouse” — become active

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

RoyaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

slumbers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

successornounUS /səkˈsesər/

a person who follows next in order

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Such, at all events, was the information repeated three times a week in their little newspaper, no bigger than a man’s hand, and printed on dirty-looking paper.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading But one week before the arrival of the French, the Milanese still took them for a horde of brigands, whose habit it was to fly before the troops of his Royal and Imperial Majesty.

witnessedverbUS /ˈwɪtnəst/

past form of “witness” — be a witness to

From this reading The prodigies of genius and daring witnessed by Italy in the course of a few months, roused her people from their slumbers.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

youthfuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːθfəl/

suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh

From this reading MILAN IN 1796 On the 15th of May, 1796, General Bonaparte marched into the city of Milan, at the head of the youthful army which had just crossed the Bridge of Lodi, and taught the world that, after the lapse of centuries, Cæsar and Alexander had found a successor at last.

Chapter 2 of The Chartreuse of Parma by Stendhal holds 201 sentences, grouped into 41 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of The Chartreuse of Parma contain?

Chapter 2 holds 201 sentences of The Chartreuse of Parma, unabridged, divided into 41 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of The Chartreuse of Parma by Stendhal exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 201 sentences, grouped into 41 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of The Chartreuse of Parma?

Work through the 41 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 41 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Chartreuse of Parma

Common questions about reading The Chartreuse of Parma by Stendhal on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Chartreuse of Parma?

Yes. All 9465 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #57638 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Chartreuse of Parma is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #57638, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Chartreuse of Parma take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1893 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Chartreuse of Parma section by section

How to work through The Chartreuse of Parma section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of The Chartreuse of Parma to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Chartreuse of Parma

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Chartreuse of Parma, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Chartreuse of Parma; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
French
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Chartreuse of Parma; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stendhal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Chartreuse of Parma; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henri
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Chartreuse of Parma; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.