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The Childhood of Rome
The Childhood of Rome

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Childhood of Rome is here in full — 430 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Childhood of Rome
Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.
The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.
It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.
There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.
The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Childhood of Rome

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Childhood of Rome is here in full — 430 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.
/ɪt ɪz ˈskersli ˈnesəseri tuː seɪ ðæt ðiːz ˈstɔːriz ɑːr nɑːt ment tuː biː ˈteɪkən æz ˈhɪstəri ˈiːvɪn ˈledʒənderi ˈhɪstəri/
Line 2
The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.
/ðə teɪlz ʌv ðə ˈfaʊndɪŋ ʌv roʊm ənd ʌv ðə ˈɜːrli laɪf ʌv ðə ˌɪˈtæljən ˈreɪsəz ɑːr ˈmeni ənd ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪktəri/
Line 3
It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.
/ɪt ɪz kwaɪt ˈpɑːsəbəl ðæt ˈfjuːtʃər dɪˈskʌvəriz meɪ dɪˈspruːv hæf ðə ˈθɪriz naʊ held ɑːn ðiːz ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/
Line 4
There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.
Line 5
The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.
/ðə ˈveriəs ˈkʌstəmz ənd ɪˈvents ˌɪntrəˈduːst hiːr wɜːr nɑːt ˈprɑːbəbliː pɑːrt ʌv ðə ˈhɪstəri ʌv wʌn ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contradictory adjective US /ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪktəri/

of words or propositions so related that both cannot be true and both cannot be false

From this reading “The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.”

discoveries noun US /dɪˈskʌvəriz/

plural of “discovery” — the act of discovering something

From this reading “It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.”

disprove verb US /dɪˈspruːv/

prove to be false

From this reading “It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.”

founding noun US /ˈfaʊndɪŋ/

the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new

From this reading “The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.”

legendary adjective US /ˈledʒənderi/

so celebrated as to having taken on the nature of a legend

From this reading “It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.”

legends noun US /ˈledʒəndz/

plural of “legend” — a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

From this reading “There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.”

Romulus noun US /ˈrɑːmjələs/

(Roman mythology) founder of Rome; suckled with his twin brother Remus by a wolf after their parents (Mars and Rhea Silvia) abandoned them; Romulus killed Remus in an argument over the building of Rome

From this reading “There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.”

theories noun US /ˈθɪriz/

plural of “theory” — a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading “It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

some degree adjective + noun

In this reading “There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.”

scarcely necessary adverb + adjective

In this reading “It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.”

quite possible adverb + adjective

In this reading “It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.”

early life adjective + noun

In this reading “The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aimverbUS /eɪm/

point or cause to go (blows, weapons, or objects such as photographic equipment) towards

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

contradictoryadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːntrəˈdɪktəri/

of words or propositions so related that both cannot be true and both cannot be false

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

customsnounUS /ˈkʌstəmz/

money collected under a tariff

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

discoveriesnounUS /dɪˈskʌvəriz/

plural of “discovery” — the act of discovering something

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

disproveverbUS /dɪˈspruːv/

prove to be false

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

figuresnounUS /ˈfɪɡjərz/

plural of “figure” — a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

foundingnounUS /ˈfaʊndɪŋ/

the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

futureadjectiveUS /ˈfjuːtʃər/

yet to be or coming

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

generationnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃən/

all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

heroicadjectiveUS /hɪˈroʊɪk/

very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale)

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

introducedverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

past form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

legendaryadjectiveUS /ˈledʒənderi/

so celebrated as to having taken on the nature of a legend

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

legendsnounUS /ˈledʒəndz/

plural of “legend” — a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

racesnounUS /ˈreɪsəz/

plural of “race” — any competition

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

re-createverb

create anew

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

RomulusnounUS /ˈrɑːmjələs/

(Roman mythology) founder of Rome; suckled with his twin brother Remus by a wolf after their parents (Mars and Rhea Silvia) abandoned them; Romulus killed Remus in an argument over the building of Rome

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

semi-savage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

storiesnounUS /ˈstɔːriz/

plural of “story” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

subjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

surroundingsnounUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋz/

the environmental condition

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

talesnounUS /teɪlz/

plural of “tale” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The tales of the founding of Rome and of the early life of the Italian races are many and contradictory.

theoriesnounUS /ˈθɪriz/

plural of “theory” — a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading It is quite possible that future discoveries may disprove half the theories now held on these subjects.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is scarcely necessary to say that these stories are not meant to be taken as history, even legendary history.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The various customs and events introduced here were not, probably, part of the history of one generation.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There must have been, however, heroic semi-savage figures like the Romulus of the legends, and the aim of the author has been to re-create in some degree the atmosphere and the surroundings in which they may have lived.

Chapter 1 of The Childhood of Rome by Louise Lamprey holds 430 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Childhood of Rome contain?

Chapter 1 holds 430 sentences of The Childhood of Rome, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Childhood of Rome by Louise Lamprey exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 430 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Childhood of Rome?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Childhood of Rome

Common questions about reading The Childhood of Rome by Louise Lamprey on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Childhood of Rome?

Yes. All 2551 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36296 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Childhood of Rome is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36296, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Childhood of Rome take to read?

About 212 minutes of reading across 511 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Childhood of Rome section by section

How to work through The Childhood of Rome section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of The Childhood of Rome to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Childhood of Rome

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Childhood of Rome, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Scarcely
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Childhood of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Necessary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Childhood of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
These
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Childhood of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Childhood of Rome; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.