Chapter XII

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A BATTLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES.

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading A BATTLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES.

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading A BATTLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES.

endless loop of flexible material between two rotating shafts or pulleys

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

traveling across

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

come out into view, as from concealment

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

an opposing military force

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

the month following January and preceding March

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

plural of “german” — a person of German nationality

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

past form of “launch” — set up or found

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading A BATTLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES.

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

immediately following in time or order

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Next day the enemy launched forces against the Niemen, about fourteen miles to the north of Grodno.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

held or filled or in use

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A BATTLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

plural of “position” — the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

past form of “screen” — test or examine for the presence of disease or infection

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

past form of “succeed” — attain success or reach a desired goal

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A BATTLE OF THE MIDDLE AGES.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

(usually followed by “to”) not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.

the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Though the railway was less than ten miles away, they were unable to reach it.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Russians had already prepared positions on the river line, and by 19th February they had occupied them, and were waiting for the Germans to attack.

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading A thick belt of wood on the banks of the river screened them from view, and some of them succeeded in crossing the river, but could not emerge from the forests on the other side.