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The Child's Book of Nature
The Child's Book of Nature

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The Child's Book of Nature is here in full — 308 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Child's Book of Nature
Context Illustration Reading 1/61 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WINGS.
[Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]
Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.
The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.
The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Child's Book of Nature

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of The Child's Book of Nature is here in full — 308 sentences across 62 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/61 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WINGS.
/wɪŋz/
Line 2
[Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]
Line 3
Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.
/bɜːrdz wɔːk əˈpɑːn tuː leɡz æz wiː duː bʌt ˌɪnˈsted ʌv sʌtʃ hændz æz wiː hæv ðeɪ hæv hændz meɪd fɔːr ðə ˈpɜːrpəs ʌv ˈlɪftɪŋ ðem ʌp ɪn ðə er/
Line 4
The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.
Line 5
The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.
/ðə boʊnz ðæt ɡoʊ aʊt ˈɔːlmoʊst tuː ðə ˈveri end ʌv ðə wɪŋ ɑːr laɪk ðə boʊnz ʌv ˈaʊər ˈfɪŋɡərz ˈoʊnli ðeɪ ɑːr mʌtʃ ˈlɔːŋɡər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bird's noun US /bɜːrdz/

possessive form of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

Birds noun US /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading “Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.”

bones noun US /boʊnz/

(used in the plural) a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance

From this reading “[Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]”

feathers noun US /ˈfeðərz/

plural of “feather” — the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading “The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.”

lifting verb US /ˈlɪftɪŋ/

-ing form of “lift” — raise from a lower to a higher position

From this reading “Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.”

spread verb US /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading “The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.”

wing noun US /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading “[Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]”

wings noun US /wɪŋz/

a means of flight or ascent

From this reading “WINGS.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

spread out verb + adjective

move outward

In this reading “The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.”

go out verb + adjective

move out of or depart from

In this reading “The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.”

for the purpose preposition + article + noun counted as “for … purpose”

In this reading “Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.”

in the air preposition + article + noun counted as “in … air”

on everybody's mind

In this reading “Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

armnounUS /ɑːrm/

a human limb; technically the part of the superior limb between the shoulder and the elbow but commonly used to refer to the whole superior limb

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

bird'snounUS /bɜːrdz/

possessive form of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

BirdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

BonesnounUS /boʊnz/

(used in the plural) a percussion instrument consisting of a pair of hollow pieces of wood or bone (usually held between the thumb and fingers) that are made to click together (as by Spanish dancers) in rhythm with the dance

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.

feathersnounUS /ˈfeðərz/

plural of “feather” — the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

fingersnounUS /ˈfɪŋɡərz/

plural of “finger” — any of the terminal members of the hand (sometimes excepting the thumb)

From this reading The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

frame-work

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

legsnounUS /leɡz/

staying power

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

liftingverbUS /ˈlɪftɪŋ/

-ing form of “lift” — raise from a lower to a higher position

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

Sidenote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The bones that go out almost to the very end of the wing are like the bones of our fingers, only they are much longer.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The bones in a bird’s wing are very much like the bones in our arms and hands; but they make a frame-work for the feathers of the wing to spread out from.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Birds walk upon two legs as we do; but, instead of such hands as we have, they have hands made for the purpose of lifting them up in the air.

wingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading [Sidenote: Bones of a bird’s wing like the bones of the arm and hand.]

WINGSnounUS /wɪŋz/

a means of flight or ascent

From this reading WINGS.

Chapter 23 of The Child's Book of Nature by Worthington Hooker holds 308 sentences, grouped into 62 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of The Child's Book of Nature contain?

Chapter 23 holds 308 sentences of The Child's Book of Nature, unabridged, divided into 62 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of The Child's Book of Nature by Worthington Hooker exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 308 sentences, grouped into 62 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of The Child's Book of Nature?

Work through the 62 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 62 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Child's Book of Nature

Common questions about reading The Child's Book of Nature by Worthington Hooker on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Child's Book of Nature?

Yes. All 8841 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58421 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Child's Book of Nature is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58421, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Child's Book of Nature take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1769 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Child's Book of Nature section by section

How to work through The Child's Book of Nature section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of The Child's Book of Nature to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Child's Book of Nature

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Child's Book of Nature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Child's Book of Nature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Child's Book of Nature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Harper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Child's Book of Nature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brothers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Child's Book of Nature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.