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The Co-opolitan
The Co-opolitan

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of The Co-opolitan is here in full — 63 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By Zebina Forbush • Curated US English Learning Edition
Cover illustration for The Co-opolitan
Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.
The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.
The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.
Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.
These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Co-opolitan

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of The Co-opolitan is here in full — 63 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.
Line 2
The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.
/ðə ˈlætər pɑːrt ʌv ðə ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ ˈsentʃəri sɔː streɪndʒ ənd ˈnɑːvəl ˈɪnfluːənsɪz æt wɜːrk ɪn ðə kəmˈpetətɪv ˈsɪstəm ʌv ðə ˈsɪvəlaɪzd wɜːrld/
Line 3
The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.
Line 4
Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.
/sʌtʃ wɜːr ˌkɔːrpərˈeɪʃənz trʌsts ɡreɪt ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃənz ʌv ˈkæpətəl dɪˈpɑːrtmənt stɔːrz ənd ˈsɪndɪkeɪts/
Line 5
These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.
/ðiːz kənˈsɜːrnz ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ ðemˈselvz ɪn ˈevəri ˌɪnˈdʌstriəl ˈsɛn.tər əbˈzɔːrbd ˈnɪrli ˈevəri ˈɪndəstri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accruing verb US /əˈkruːɪŋ/

-ing form of “accrue” — grow by addition

From this reading “The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
boise noun US /ˈbɔɪzi/

the capital and largest city of Idaho

From this reading “DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
combinations noun US /ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “combination” — a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities

From this reading “Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
competitive adjective US /kəmˈpetətɪv/

involving competition or competitiveness

From this reading “DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
corporations noun US /ˌkɔːrpərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “corporation” — a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state

From this reading “Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
discovers verb US /dɪˈskʌvərz/

third-person singular of “discover” — discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading “DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
syndicates noun US /ˈsɪndɪkeɪts/

plural of “syndicate” — a loose affiliation of gangsters in charge of organized criminal activities

From this reading “Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
trusts noun US /trʌsts/

plural of “trust” — something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading “Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.”

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

nineteenth century adjective + noun

In this reading “The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.”

3,620 times in 426,212 chapters
DEPARTMENT STORES noun + noun counted as “department store”

a large retail store organized into departments offering a variety of merchandise; commonly part of a retail chain

In this reading “DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.”

903 times in 426,212 chapters
civilized world adjective + noun

In this reading “The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.”

915 times in 426,212 chapters
become apparent verb + adjective

In this reading “The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.”

1,700 times in 426,212 chapters
latter part adjective + noun

In this reading “The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.”

3,197 times in 426,212 chapters
vast fortunes adjective + noun counted as “vast fortune”

In this reading “The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.”

261 times in 426,212 chapters
great advantages adjective + noun counted as “great advantage”

In this reading “The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.”

2,583 times in 426,212 chapters

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
absorbedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɔːrbd/

giving or marked by complete attention to

From this reading These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
accruingverbUS /əˈkruːɪŋ/

-ing form of “accrue” — grow by addition

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
acquireverbUS /əˈkwaɪər/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
advantagesnounUS /ædˈvæntɪdʒɪz/

plural of “advantage” — the quality of having a superior or more favorable position

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
apparentadjectiveUS /əˈperənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
ASSOCIATIONnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
BOISEnounUS /ˈbɔɪzi/

the capital and largest city of Idaho

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
centernounUS /ˈsɛn.tər/

The middle point or core of an area.

From this reading These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.

Velmora curated lexicon
centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
civilizedadjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəlaɪzd/

having a high state of culture and development both social and technological

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
CO-OPERATION

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

Pending verification
CO-OPOLITAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

Pending verification
combinationsnounUS /ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “combination” — a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities

From this reading Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
COMPETITIVEadjectiveUS /kəmˈpetətɪv/

involving competition or competitiveness

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
concernsnounUS /kənˈsɜːrnz/

plural of “concern” — something that interests you because it is important or affects you

From this reading These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
corporationsnounUS /ˌkɔːrpərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “corporation” — a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state

From this reading Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DEATHnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DEPARTMENTnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
DISCOVERSverbUS /dɪˈskʌvərz/

third-person singular of “discover” — discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
establishingverbUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “establish” — set up or found

From this reading These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
fortunesnounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənz/

plural of “fortune” — an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
industrialadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdʌstriəl/

of or relating to or resulting from industry

From this reading These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
industrynounUS /ˈɪndəstri/

the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise

From this reading These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
influencesnounUS /ˈɪnfluːənsɪz/

plural of “influence” — a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
limitedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
methodsnounUS /ˈmeθədz/

plural of “method” — a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading These concerns, establishing themselves in every industrial center, absorbed nearly every industry.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
nineteenthadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the eighteenth in position

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
novelnounUS /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
OLDadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
STOREnounUS /stɔːr/

a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
STORESnounUS /stɔːrz/

plural of “store” — a mercantile establishment for the retail sale of goods or services

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
syndicatesnounUS /ˈsɪndɪkeɪts/

plural of “syndicate” — a loose affiliation of gangsters in charge of organized criminal activities

From this reading Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
SYSTEMnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
trustsnounUS /trʌsts/

plural of “trust” — something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
VALUEnounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading The great advantages accruing from co-operation had become apparent, in those days, to a few, and these employed its methods to a limited extent to acquire vast fortunes for themselves.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
WARFAREnounUS /ˈwɔːrfer/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
WEAPONnounUS /ˈwepən/

any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting

From this reading DEPARTMENT STORES IN THE COMPETITIVE SYSTEM—DEPARTMENT STORES IN CO-OPERATION—THE CO-OPOLITAN ASSOCIATION DISCOVERS THE VALUE OF THE DEPARTMENT STORE AS A WEAPON OF WARFARE—THE DEATH OF OLD BOISE.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Such were corporations, trusts, great combinations of capital, department stores and syndicates.

Velmora grammar entry · CMU Pronouncing Dictionary
workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1
worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The latter part of the nineteenth century saw strange and novel influences at work in the competitive system of the civilized world.

CMU Pronouncing Dictionary · Princeton WordNet 3.1

Chapter 15 of The Co-opolitan by Zebina Forbush holds 63 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of The Co-opolitan contain?

Chapter 15 holds 63 sentences of The Co-opolitan, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of The Co-opolitan by Zebina Forbush exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 63 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of The Co-opolitan?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Co-opolitan

Common questions about reading The Co-opolitan by Zebina Forbush on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Co-opolitan?

Yes. All 2735 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #67321 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Co-opolitan is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #67321, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Co-opolitan take to read?

About 227 minutes of reading across 547 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Co-opolitan section by section

How to work through The Co-opolitan section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 28 chapters of The Co-opolitan to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Co-opolitan

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Co-opolitan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Co-opolitan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Co-opolitan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Co-opolitan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Co-operative
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Co-opolitan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Commonwealth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Co-opolitan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.