Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading AT BOULOGNE-SUR-MER.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AT BOULOGNE-SUR-MER.

the people of Great Britain

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

used especially of front teeth having (artificial) crowns

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

a roll of tobacco for smoking

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

third-person singular of “distinguish” — mark as different

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

liable to sudden unpredictable change

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

changed for (replaced by) something different

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

characterized by expression

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading He had lost tone.

the most important league in any sport (especially baseball)

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

the force of workers available

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

of or relating to the study of the principles of warfare

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

connected with or belonging to or used in a navy

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

not one thing; not anything

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

many times at short intervals

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

plural of “rampart” — an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

set aside for the use of a particular person or party

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

showing signs of wear and tear

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

plural of “skipper” — a student who fails to attend classes

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

past form of “sprinkle” — distribute loosely

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

plural of “tendency” — an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the quality of a person's voice

From this reading He had lost tone.

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

the topmost one of two

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the act of using

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

in the company of; together with

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

the words that are spoken

From this reading He lived on the ramparts in the upper town; had put on that shabby military air, capped with a naval _couvre-chef_ (to use a Paris street word that is expressive, as street words often are), which distinguishes the British inhabitant of Boulogne-sur-mer; and was the companion of a group of majors and skippers, sprinkled with commercial men of erratic book-keeping tendencies.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He took me to his club; nothing more than a taproom, reserved to himself and men with whom he would not have exchanged a cigar light in London.

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.

a late time of life

From this reading I had an unfortunate friend at Boulogne in the year 1865--then and many years before.