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The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01
The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 is here in full — 407 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!
And this was actually effected.
The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.
But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.
More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 is here in full — 407 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!
/wɪð ðə fɔːrˈmeɪʃən ʌv ˈpaʊərfəl ənd ənˈskruːpjələs trʌsts ʌv boʊθ ˈleɪbər ənd ˈkæpətəl tuː səbˈduː iːtʃ ˈʌðər ðə ˌpɑːsəˈbɪlətiz ʌv ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃən wɜːr nɑːt ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd ðer rɪˈmeɪnd ðə ˈderɪŋ plæn ʌv kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ ðə tuː bəˈlɪdʒərənts/
Line 2
And this was actually effected.
/ənd ðɪs wɑːz ˈæktʃuːəli ɪˈfektɪd/
Line 3
The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.
Line 4
But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.
/bʌt ɪn ðə fɜːrst jɪrz ʌv ðə ˈtwentiəθ ˈsentʃəri əbˈzɜːrvərz ˈnoʊtəst ɑːn ðə pɑːrt ʌv ˈkæpətəl ə ˈlesənɪŋ rɪˈlʌktəns/
Line 5
More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

belligerents noun US /bəˈlɪdʒərənts/

plural of “belligerent” — someone who fights (or is fighting)

From this reading “With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!”

combining noun US /kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ/

an occurrence that results in things being united

From this reading “With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!”

concessions noun US /kənˈseʃənz/

plural of “concession” — a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business

From this reading “The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.”

extortionate adjective US /ekˈstɔːrʃənət/

greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation

From this reading “More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.”

lessening noun US /ˈlesənɪŋ/

a change downward

From this reading “But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.”

observers noun US /əbˈzɜːrvərz/

plural of “observer” — a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses

From this reading “But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.”

organizations noun US /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃənz/

plural of “organization” — a group of people who work together

From this reading “More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.”

weakening noun US /ˈwiːkənɪŋ/

becoming weaker

From this reading “More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

actuallyadverbUS /ˈæktʃuːəli/

in actual fact

From this reading And this was actually effected.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

basedadjectiveUS /beɪst/

having a base

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

belligerentsnounUS /bəˈlɪdʒərənts/

plural of “belligerent” — someone who fights (or is fighting)

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

bitteradjectiveUS /ˈbɪtər/

marked by strong resentment or cynicism

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/

for the most part

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

combinationnounUS /ˌkɑːmbəˈneɪʃən/

a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

combiningnounUS /kəmˈbaɪnɪŋ/

an occurrence that results in things being united

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

concessionsnounUS /kənˈseʃənz/

plural of “concession” — a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

demandnounUS /dɪˈmænd/

an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

demandsnounUS /dɪˈmændz/

plural of “demand” — an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

effectedadjectiveUS /ɪˈfektɪd/

settled securely and unconditionally

From this reading And this was actually effected.

encounteredverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/

past form of “encounter” — come together

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

extortionateadjectiveUS /ekˈstɔːrʃənət/

greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

formationnounUS /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

frequentverbUS /ˈfriːkwənt/

do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

labornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

laborer's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

lesseningnounUS /ˈlesənɪŋ/

a change downward

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

MoreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

observersnounUS /əbˈzɜːrvərz/

plural of “observer” — a person who becomes aware (of things or events) through the senses

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

organizationsnounUS /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃənz/

plural of “organization” — a group of people who work together

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

possibilitiesnounUS /ˌpɑːsəˈbɪlətiz/

plural of “possibility” — a future prospect or potential

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

productionnounUS /prəˈdʌkʃən/

the act or process of producing something

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

reasonlessadjective

not marked by the use of reason

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

reluctancenounUS /rɪˈlʌktəns/

(physics) opposition to magnetic flux (analogous to electric resistance)

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

reluctantadjectiveUS /rɪˈlʌktənt/

unwillingness to do something contrary to your custom

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

resistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

strike-breakers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

stubbornadjectiveUS /ˈstʌbərn/

tenaciously unwilling or marked by tenacious unwillingness to yield

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

subdueverbUS /səbˈduː/

put down by force or intimidation

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading And this was actually effected.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

trainedadjectiveUS /treɪnd/

shaped or conditioned or disciplined by training; often used as a combining form

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

trustsnounUS /trʌsts/

plural of “trust” — something (as property) held by one party (the trustee) for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

twentiethnounUS /ˈtwentiəθ/

position 20 in a countable series of things

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

unscrupulousadjectiveUS /ənˈskruːpjələs/

without scruples or principles

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

wagenounUS /weɪdʒ/

something that remunerates

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading And this was actually effected.

weakeningnounUS /ˈwiːkənɪŋ/

becoming weaker

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The laborer's demand for an increased wage was always based upon an increased cost of living, which was itself chiefly due to increased cost of production from reluctant concessions of his former demands.

willingadjectiveUS /ˈwɪlɪŋ/

disposed or inclined toward

From this reading More frequent and more extortionate and reasonless demands encountered a less bitter and stubborn resistance; capital was apparently weakening just at the time when, with its strong organizations of trained and willing strike-breakers, it was most secure.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With the formation of powerful and unscrupulous trusts of both labor and capital to subdue each other the possibilities of combination were not exhausted; there remained the daring plan of combining the two belligerents!

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading But in the first years of the twentieth century observers noticed on the part of capital a lessening reluctance.

Chapter 2 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 by Ambrose Bierce holds 407 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 contain?

Chapter 2 holds 407 sentences of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 by Ambrose Bierce exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 407 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01

Common questions about reading The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 by Ambrose Bierce on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01?

Yes. All 2839 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13541 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13541, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 take to read?

About 236 minutes of reading across 568 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 section by section

How to work through The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Causes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conspired
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lamentable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, Volume 01; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.