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The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09
The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09 is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
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What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.
A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.
Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.
Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:
This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09 is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.
Line 2
A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.
/ə ˈroʊmən hɪˈstɔːriən hæz dɪˈskraɪbd ðə ˈsæksən ʌv ðə ˈpɪriəd æz ə ˈneɪkəd bruːt huː leɪ ɔːl deɪ baɪ hɪz ˈfaɪərsaɪd ˈslʌɡɪʃ ənd ˈdɜːrti ˈɔːlweɪz ˈiːtɪŋ ənd ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ/
Line 3
Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.
Line 4
Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:
Line 5
This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.
/ðɪs ɪz waɪ mæn huː fɔːr θriː ˈsentʃəriz hæd bɪn ə dəˈmestɪk ˈænəməl wɑːz stɪl ˈɔːlmoʊst ə ˈsævədʒ biːst ənd ðə fɔːrs ʌv hɪz ˈmʌsəlz ənd ðə streŋkθ ʌv hɪz nɜːrvz ˌɪnˈkriːst ðə ˈboʊldnəs ənd ˈenərdʒi ʌv hɪz ˈpæʃənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assimilation noun US /əˌsɪməˈleɪʃən/

the state of being assimilated; people of different backgrounds come to see themselves as part of a larger national family

From this reading “Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.”

boldness noun US /ˈboʊldnəs/

the trait of being willing to undertake things that involve risk or danger

From this reading “This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.”

chronicles noun US /ˈkrɑːnɪkəlz/

plural of “chronicle” — a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading “What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.”

fireside noun US /ˈfaɪərsaɪd/

an area near a fireplace (usually paved and extending out into a room)

From this reading “A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.”

historian noun US /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading “A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.”

homogeneous adjective US /ˌhoʊməˈdʒiːniəs/

all of the same or similar kind or nature

From this reading “Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.”

inaccessibility noun US /ˌɪnəksesəˈbɪləti/

the quality of not being available when needed

From this reading “Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:”

sluggish adjective US /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/

moving slowly

From this reading “A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

domestic animal adjective + noun

any of various animals that have been tamed and made fit for a human environment

In this reading “This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.”

savage beast adjective + noun

In this reading “This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.”

three centuries noun + noun counted as “three century”

In this reading “This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.”

all day adjective + noun

In this reading “A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.”

by the way preposition + article + noun counted as “by … way”

introducing a different topic

In this reading “Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.”

for three preposition + noun

In this reading “This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

Anglo-Saxons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

assimilationnounUS /əˌsɪməˈleɪʃən/

the state of being assimilated; people of different backgrounds come to see themselves as part of a larger national family

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

beastnounUS /biːst/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

bodilyadverbUS /ˈbɑːdəli/

in bodily form

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

boldnessnounUS /ˈboʊldnəs/

the trait of being willing to undertake things that involve risk or danger

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

brutenounUS /bruːt/

a cruelly rapacious person

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

chroniclesnounUS /ˈkrɑːnɪkəlz/

plural of “chronicle” — a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

courtiersnounUS /ˈkɔːrtiərz/

plural of “courtier” — an attendant at the court of a sovereign

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

dirtyadjectiveUS /ˈdɜːrti/

soiled or likely to soil with dirt or grime

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

displeasedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspliːzd/

not pleased; experiencing or manifesting displeasure

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

domesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

dominionnounUS /dəˈmɪnjən/

dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

drinkingnounUS /ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ/

the act of consuming liquids

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

eatingnounUS /ˈiːtɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

ElizabethnounUS /ɪˈlɪzəbəθ/

daughter of George VI who became the Queen of England and Northern Ireland in 1952 on the death of her father (1926-)

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

EvenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

firesidenounUS /ˈfaɪərsaɪd/

an area near a fireplace (usually paved and extending out into a room)

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

fondnessnounUS /ˈfɑːndnəs/

a predisposition to like something

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

historiannounUS /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

homogeneousadjectiveUS /ˌhoʊməˈdʒiːniəs/

all of the same or similar kind or nature

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

inaccessibilitynounUS /ˌɪnəksesəˈbɪləti/

the quality of not being available when needed

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

lawlessadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːləs/

without law or control

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

mazzardnoun

wild or seedling sweet cherry used as stock for grafting

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

musclesnounUS /ˈmʌsəlz/

plural of “muscle” — one of the contractile organs of the body

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

nakedadjectiveUS /ˈneɪkəd/

completely unclothed

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

nervesnounUS /nɜːrvz/

an uneasy psychological state

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

NormannounUS /ˈnɔːrmən/

United States operatic soprano (born in 1945)

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

passionsnounUS /ˈpæʃənz/

plural of “passion” — a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

renascencenoun

the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

savageadjectiveUS /ˈsævədʒ/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

SaxonnounUS /ˈsæksən/

a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

sentimentsnounUS /ˈsentəmənts/

plural of “sentiment” — tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

sluggishadjectiveUS /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/

moving slowly

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

softeradjectiveUS /ˈsɑːftər/

comparative of “soft” — yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

spaciousadjectiveUS /ˈspeɪʃəs/

very large in expanse or scope

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

SpeakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

Taine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

thwacknoun

a hard blow with a flat object

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

violentadjectiveUS /ˈvaɪələnt/

acting with or marked by or resulting from great force or energy or emotional intensity

From this reading Speaking of their fondness for violent bodily exercise and their inaccessibility to the softer sentiments, Taine says:

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What manner of men the Anglo-Saxons became under Norman dominion before the moral renascence is shown in all the chronicles of the time.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Even after the assimilation was nearly complete—no longer ago than “the spacious times of great Elizabeth,” who, by the way, used to thwack her courtiers on the mazzard when they displeased her—the homogeneous race was a lawless lot.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A Roman historian has described the Saxon of the period as a naked brute, who lay all day by his fireside sluggish and dirty, always eating and drinking.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading This is why man, who for three centuries had been a domestic animal, was still almost a savage beast, and the force of his muscles and the strength of his nerves increased the boldness and energy of his passions.

Chapter 6 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09 by Ambrose Bierce holds 437 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09 contain?

Chapter 6 holds 437 sentences of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09 by Ambrose Bierce exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 437 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #66490, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 219 minutes of reading across 526 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Consists
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hundred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fifty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Numbered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce — Volume 09; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.