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The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 12 (of 12)
The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 12 (of 12)

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 12 (of 12) is here in full — 391 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
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ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.
_First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’
This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.
It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.
This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 12 (of 12)

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 12 (of 12) is here in full — 391 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.
Line 2
_First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’
/fɜːrst əbˈdʒekʃən ɪt ɪz əˈsuːmd æz ə ˈdʒenərəl ˈmæksəm ðæt ɪt ɪz nɑːt ðə ɪnˈtensəti ʌv ˈpʌnɪʃmənt bʌt ɪts ˈdʊˈreɪʃən wɪtʃ meɪks ðə ˈɡreɪtəst ˌɪmˈpreʃən ɑːn ðə ˈhjuːmən maɪnd/
Line 3
This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.
/ðɪs ˈmæksəm wɪl biː faʊnd tuː biː ɪn dərˈekt ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃən tuː ɔːl ɪkˈspɪriəns ənd tuː ˈevəri ˈprɪnsəpəl ʌv ˈhjuːmən ˈneɪtʃər/
Line 4
It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.
/ɪt səˈpoʊzɪz ðæt ə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ˌɪmˈpreʃənz ˈfiːbəl ɪn ðemˈselvz ənd ˈdɪsəpeɪtɪd ˈoʊvər ə lɔːŋ ˈɪntərvəl ʌv taɪm prəˈduːs ə ˈstrɔːŋər ɪˈfekt əˈpɑːn ðə maɪnd ðæn ə ˈsɪŋɡəl ˈɑːbdʒekt ˌhaʊˈevər ˈpaʊərfəl ənd ˈstraɪkɪŋ priˈzentɪd tuː ɪt æt wʌns ðæt ɪz ðæt ðə ˈpæʃənz ɑːr ɪkˈsaɪtəd mɔːr baɪ ˈriːzən ðæn ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən baɪ ðə riːl ðæn baɪ ðə əˈperənt ˈkwɑːntəti ʌv ɡʊd ɔːr ˈiːvəl/
Line 5
This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

defective adjective US /dɪˈfektɪv/

having a defect

From this reading “ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.”

dissipated adjective US /ˈdɪsəpeɪtɪd/

unrestrained by convention or morality

From this reading “It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.”

duration noun US /ˈdʊˈreɪʃən/

the period of time during which something continues

From this reading “_First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’”

erroneous adjective US /eˈroʊniəs/

containing or characterized by error

From this reading “ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.”

malefactors noun US /ˈmæləfæktərz/

plural of “malefactor” — someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime

From this reading “This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.”

maxim noun US /ˈmæksəm/

a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading “_First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’”

relates verb US /rɪˈleɪts/

third-person singular of “relate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading “This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.”

supposes verb US /səˈpoʊzɪz/

third-person singular of “suppose” — express a supposition

From this reading “It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

direct opposition verb + noun

In this reading “This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.”

human nature adjective + noun

the shared psychological attributes of humankind that are assumed to be shared by all human beings

In this reading “This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.”

most important adverb + adjective

In this reading “ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.”

modern writers adjective + noun counted as “modern writer”

In this reading “ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.”

long interval adjective + noun

In this reading “It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.”

human mind adjective + noun

In this reading “_First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’”

single object adjective + noun

In this reading “It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.”

All words in this reading · 105

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

admittedverbUS /ədˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

apparentadjectiveUS /əˈperənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

Beccaria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

Benthamnoun

English philosopher and jurist; founder of utilitarianism (1748-1831)

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

DEATHnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

defectiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈfektɪv/

having a defect

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

deniedverbUS /dɪˈnaɪd/

inflected form of “deny” — declare untrue; contradict

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

directverbUS /dərˈekt/

command with authority

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

dissipatedadjectiveUS /ˈdɪsəpeɪtɪd/

unrestrained by convention or morality

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

durationnounUS /ˈdʊˈreɪʃən/

the period of time during which something continues

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

erroneousadjectiveUS /eˈroʊniəs/

containing or characterized by error

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

excitedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsaɪtəd/

(of persons) excessively affected by emotion

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

feebleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːbəl/

pathetically lacking in force or effectiveness

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

impressionnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

impressionsnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃənz/

plural of “impression” — a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

intensitynounUS /ɪnˈtensəti/

the amount of energy transmitted (as by acoustic or electromagnetic radiation)

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

intervalnounUS /ˈɪntərvəl/

a definite length of time marked off by two instants

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

malefactorsnounUS /ˈmæləfæktərz/

plural of “malefactor” — someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

maximnounUS /ˈmæksəm/

a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

objectionnounUS /əbˈdʒekʃən/

the act of expressing earnest opposition or protest

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

oppositionnounUS /ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

passionsnounUS /ˈpæʃənz/

plural of “passion” — a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

produceverbUS /prəˈduːs/

bring forth or yield

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

PUNISHMENTnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

quantitynounUS /ˈkwɑːntəti/

how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

relatesverbUS /rɪˈleɪts/

third-person singular of “relate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading This principle is indeed, in general, denied by Mr. Bentham, but admitted by him, as far as relates to the influence of the fear of death on malefactors.

relatingverbUS /rɪˈleɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “relate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

strikingadjectiveUS /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/

sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

strongeradjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋər/

comparative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

supposesverbUS /səˈpoʊzɪz/

third-person singular of “suppose” — express a supposition

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _First objection._ It is assumed as a general maxim, that, ‘it is not the intensity of punishment, but its duration, which makes the greatest impression on the human mind.’

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It supposes that a number of impressions, feeble in themselves, and dissipated over a long interval of time, produce a stronger effect upon the mind, than a single object, however powerful and striking, presented to it at once: that is, that the passions are excited more by reason than imagination, by the real, than by the apparent quantity of good or evil.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading This maxim will be found to be in direct opposition to all experience, and to every principle of human nature.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading ON THE PUNISHMENT OF DEATH The view which has been taken of the subject by Beccaria and other modern writers appears to be erroneous or defective in some of the most important circumstances relating to this question.

Chapter 18 of The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 12 (of 12) by William Hazlitt holds 391 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 12 (of 12) contain?

Chapter 18 holds 391 sentences of The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 12 (of 12), unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

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