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The Comedienne
The Comedienne

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Comedienne is here in full — 9 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 9 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 9
Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.
The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.
Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.
Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.
The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.
He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.
The Comedienne is the first of his works to appear in English.
Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.
It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Comedienne

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Comedienne is here in full — 9 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 9 reading units · Lines 1–9

Line 1
Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.
Line 2
The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.
/ðə wɜːrd ˌhaʊˈevər dʌz nɑːt ˈkerəktəraɪz ə ˈpleɪər ʌv ˈkɑːmədi pɑːrts/
Line 3
Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.
Line 4
Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.
Line 5
The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.
Line 6
He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.
/hiː ɪz ðə ˈɔːθər ʌv ˈnuːmərəs ˈnɑːvəlz ˈdiːlɪŋ wɪð ˈveriəs ˈfeɪzəz ʌv ˈevriˈdeɪ laɪf ɪn ˈpoʊlənd ˈmeni ʌv ðem trænzˈleɪtɪd ˈɪntuː frentʃ ˈdʒɜːrmən ənd ˈswiːdɪʃ/
Line 7
The Comedienne is the first of his works to appear in English.
/ðə kəˌmiːdiˈen ɪz ðə fɜːrst ʌv hɪz wɜːrks tuː əˈpɪr ɪn ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/
Line 8
Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.
Line 9
It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.
/ɪt ɪz ˈɪntrəstɪŋ tuː noʊt ðæt fɔːr ˈsevrəl jɪrz ðə ˈɔːθər wɑːz hɪmˈself ə kəˈmiːdiən ˈtrævəlɪŋ əˈbaʊt wʌt wɑːz ðen ˈrʌʃən ˈpoʊlənd wɪð ə ˈkʌmpəniː ʌv prəˈvɪnʃəl ˈpleɪərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

characterize verb US /ˈkerəktəraɪz/

describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

From this reading “The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.”

Comedian noun US /kəˈmiːdiən/

a professional performer who tells jokes and performs comical acts

From this reading “It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.”

comedians noun US /kəˈmiːdiənz/

plural of “comedian” — a professional performer who tells jokes and performs comical acts

From this reading “Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.”

Comedienne noun US /kəˌmiːdiˈen/

a female actor in a comedy

From this reading “Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.”

forefront noun US /ˈfɔːrfrʌnt/

the part in the front or nearest the viewer

From this reading “Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.”

intellectuals noun US /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəlz/

plural of “intellectual” — a person who uses the mind creatively

From this reading “Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.”

Nobel noun US /noʊˈbel/

Swedish chemist remembered for his invention of dynamite and for the bequest that created the Nobel prizes (1833-1896)

From this reading “The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.”

Slavic noun US /ˈslɑːvɪk/

a branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading “Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.”

All words in this reading · 133

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

AcademynounUS /əˈkæd.ə.mi/

A place of study or training in a special field of knowledge and arts.

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

actorsnounUS /ˈæktərz/

plural of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The Comedienne is the first of his works to appear in English.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

brethrennounUS /ˈbreðrən/

(plural) the lay members of a male religious order

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

characterizeverbUS /ˈkerəktəraɪz/

describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

colloquiallyadverb

with the use of colloquial expressions

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

ComediannounUS /kəˈmiːdiən/

a professional performer who tells jokes and performs comical acts

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

comediansnounUS /kəˈmiːdiənz/

plural of “comedian” — a professional performer who tells jokes and performs comical acts

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

ComediennenounUS /kəˌmiːdiˈen/

a female actor in a comedy

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

comedynounUS /ˈkɑːmədi/

light and humorous drama with a happy ending

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

conceivableadjectiveUS /kənˈsiːvəbəl/

capable of being imagined

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

Cracownoun

an industrial city in southern Poland on the Vistula

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

dealingnounUS /ˈdiːlɪŋ/

method or manner of conduct in relation to others

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

Edmund

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

embracesnounUS /emˈbreɪsɪz/

plural of “embrace” — the act of clasping another person in the arms (as in greeting or affection)

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The Comedienne is the first of his works to appear in English.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

everydayadjectiveUS /ˈevriˈdeɪ/

found in the ordinary course of events

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The Comedienne is the first of his works to appear in English.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

forefrontnounUS /ˈfɔːrfrʌnt/

the part in the front or nearest the viewer

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

GnounUS /dʒiː/

a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

geniusnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

GermannounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmən/

a person of German nationality

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

heroinenounUS /ˈheroʊən/

the main good female character in a work of fiction

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Comedienne is the first of his works to appear in English.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

IndeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

intellectualsnounUS /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəlz/

plural of “intellectual” — a person who uses the mind creatively

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

Janina

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

LiteraturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

metropolitanadjectiveUS /ˌmetrəˈpɑːlətən/

relating to or characteristic of a metropolis

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

NobelnounUS /noʊˈbel/

Swedish chemist remembered for his invention of dynamite and for the bequest that created the Nobel prizes (1833-1896)

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

nominatedadjectiveUS /ˈnɑːməneɪtəd/

appointed by nomination

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

novelsnounUS /ˈnɑːvəlz/

plural of “novel” — an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

Obecny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

PnounUS /piː/

a multivalent nonmetallic element of the nitrogen family that occurs commonly in inorganic phosphate rocks and as organic phosphates in all living cells; is highly reactive and occurs in several allotropic forms

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

peasantnounUS /ˈpezənt/

a country person

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

performingnounUS /pərˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

phasesnounUS /ˈfeɪzəz/

plural of “phase” — any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

playernounUS /ˈpleɪər/

a person who participates in or is skilled at some game

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

playersnounUS /ˈpleɪərz/

plural of “player” — a person who participates in or is skilled at some game

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

PolandnounUS /ˈpoʊlənd/

a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

PolishnounUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

the property of being smooth and shiny

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

pretentiousadjectiveUS /priˈtenʃəs/

making claim to or creating an appearance of (often undeserved) importance or distinction

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

PrizenounUS /praɪz/

something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

provincialadjectiveUS /prəˈvɪnʃəl/

of or associated with a province

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

provincials

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

Putnam's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

recognizedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

Reymont

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

rolenounUS /roʊl/

the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

SciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading The Academy of Science of Cracow nominated him for the Nobel Prize for Literature.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

shinesnounUS /ʃaɪnz/

plural of “shine” — the quality of being bright and sending out rays of light

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

SlavicnounUS /ˈslɑːvɪk/

a branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

SonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

stagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

SwedishadjectiveUS /ˈswiːdɪʃ/

of or relating to or characteristic of Sweden or its people or culture or language

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

theatresnounUS /ˈθiːətərz/

plural of “theatre” — a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Comedienne is the first of his works to appear in English.

to-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

tragedynounUS /ˈtrædʒədi/

an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

TranslatedverbUS /trænzˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “translate” — restate (words) from one language into another language

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

travelingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading Indeed, the provincials, usually performing in open air theatres, play every conceivable role, and as in the case of Janina, the heroine of this story, the life of the Comedienne often embraces far more tragedy than comedy.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

WarsawnounUS /ˈwɔːrsɔː/

the capital and largest city of Poland; located in central Poland

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Reymont himself was a peasant, rising from the bottom until to-day the light of his recognized genius shines in the very forefront of the Slavic intellectuals.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

widelyadverbUS /ˈwaɪdli/

to a great degree

From this reading Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He is the author of numerous novels dealing with various phases of everyday life in Poland, many of them translated into French, German, and Swedish.

Wladyslaw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading The word, however, does not characterize a player of comedy parts.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading The Comedienne is the first of his works to appear in English.

writersnounUS /ˈraɪtərz/

plural of “writer” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Wladyslaw Reymont is the most widely known of living Polish writers.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading It is interesting to note that for several years the author was himself a "Comedian," traveling about what was then Russian Poland with a company of provincial players.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading Translated from the Polish by Edmund Obecny G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London The provincial actors of Poland are sometimes colloquially called "comedians," as distinguished from their more pretentious brethren of the metropolitan stage in Warsaw.

Chapter 1 of The Comedienne by Władysław Stanisław Reymont holds 9 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Comedienne contain?

Chapter 1 holds 9 sentences of The Comedienne, unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Comedienne by Władysław Stanisław Reymont exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 9 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Comedienne?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Comedienne

Common questions about reading The Comedienne by Władysław Stanisław Reymont on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Comedienne?

Yes. All 8635 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25760 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Comedienne is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25760, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Comedienne take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1727 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Comedienne section by section

How to work through The Comedienne section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of The Comedienne to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Comedienne

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Comedienne, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comedienne; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Polish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comedienne; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edmund
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comedienne; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Obecny
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comedienne; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.