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The Comic English Grammar
The Comic English Grammar

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Comic English Grammar is here in full — 23 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Comic English Grammar
Context Illustration Reading 1/4 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OF WORDS IN GENERAL.
There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”
_Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.
Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.
Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Comic English Grammar

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of The Comic English Grammar is here in full — 23 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF WORDS IN GENERAL.
/ʌv wɜːrdz ɪn ˈdʒenərəl/
Line 2
There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”
/ðer ɪz noʊ wʌn ˈkwestʃən ðæt wiː ɑːr əˈwer ʌv mɔːr ˈpʌzəlɪŋ ðæn ðɪs wʌt ɪz jɔːr əˈpɪnjən ʌv θɪŋz ɪn ˈdʒenərəl/
Line 3
_Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.
/wɜːrdz ɪn ˈdʒenərəl ɑːr ˈfɔːrtʃənətli fɔːr ʌs ə səbˈdʒekt ɑːn wɪtʃ ðə fɔːrˈmeɪʃən ʌv æn əˈpɪnjən ɪz ˈsʌmˈwʌt mɔːr ˈiːzi/
Line 4
Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.
Line 5
Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.
/sʌtʃ wɜːrdz ˌhaʊˈevər ɑːr əˈlæs nɑːt ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ wɜːrdz ɔːr wɜːrdz ˈstɜːrlɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alas exclamation US /əˈlæs/

used to show sadness, pity, or regret

From this reading “Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.”

checks noun US /tʃeks/

plural of “check” — a written order directing a bank to pay money

From this reading “Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.”

counters noun US /ˈkaʊntərz/

plural of “counter” — table consisting of a horizontal surface over which business is transacted

From this reading “Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.”

formation noun US /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit

From this reading “_Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.”

fortunately adverb US /ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

by good fortune

From this reading “_Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.”

notes noun US /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading “Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.”

puzzling adjective US /ˈpʌzəlɪŋ/

not clear to the understanding

From this reading “There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?””

sterling adjective US /ˈstɜːrlɪŋ/

highest in quality

From this reading “Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

deal of verb + particle

In this reading “Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.”

somewhat more adverb + adjective

In this reading “_Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

alasexclamationUS /əˈlæs/

used to show sadness, pity, or regret

From this reading Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

bank-notes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

checksnounUS /tʃeks/

plural of “check” — a written order directing a bank to pay money

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

countersnounUS /ˈkaʊntərz/

plural of “counter” — table consisting of a horizontal surface over which business is transacted

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

formationnounUS /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

fortunatelyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

by good fortune

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

GENERALadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading OF WORDS IN GENERAL.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading OF WORDS IN GENERAL.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.

notesnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF WORDS IN GENERAL.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

opinionnounUS /əˈpɪnjən/

a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

puzzlingadjectiveUS /ˈpʌzəlɪŋ/

not clear to the understanding

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

sterlingadjectiveUS /ˈstɜːrlɪŋ/

highest in quality

From this reading Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such words, however, are, alas! not English words, or words sterling.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Words stand for things: they are a sort of counters, checks, bank-notes, and sometimes, indeed, they are _notes_ for which people get a great deal of money.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Words_ in general are, fortunately for us, a subject on which the formation of an opinion is somewhat more easy.

WORDSnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading OF WORDS IN GENERAL.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading There is no one question that we are aware of more puzzling than this, “What is your opinion of _things_ in general?”

Chapter 4 of The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh holds 23 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Comic English Grammar contain?

Chapter 4 holds 23 sentences of The Comic English Grammar, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 23 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Comic English Grammar?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Comic English Grammar

Common questions about reading The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Comic English Grammar?

Yes. All 2141 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43397 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Comic English Grammar is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43397, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Comic English Grammar take to read?

About 178 minutes of reading across 429 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Comic English Grammar section by section

How to work through The Comic English Grammar section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of The Comic English Grammar to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Comic English Grammar

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Comic English Grammar, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Comic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grammar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.