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The Comic English Grammar
The Comic English Grammar

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Comic English Grammar is here in full — 154 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Comic English Grammar
Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OF PRONOUNS.
Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.
_Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.
And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.
SECTION I.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Comic English Grammar

Chapter IX

Chapter 9 of The Comic English Grammar is here in full — 154 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF PRONOUNS.
/ʌv ˈproʊnaʊnz/
Line 2
Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.
Line 3
_Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.
Line 4
And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.
Line 5
SECTION I.
/ˈsekʃən aɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Adjective noun US /ˈædʒɪktɪv/

a word that expresses an attribute of something

From this reading “Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.”

kinds noun US /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading “Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.”

namely adverb US /ˈneɪmli/

as follows

From this reading “Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.”

noun noun US /naʊn/

a content word that can be used to refer to a person, place, thing, quality, or action

From this reading “_Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.”

pronoun noun US /ˈproʊnaʊn/

a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase

From this reading “_Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.”

pronouns noun US /ˈproʊnaʊnz/

plural of “pronoun” — a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase

From this reading “OF PRONOUNS.”

Relative noun US /ˈrelətɪv/

a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading “Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.”

section noun US /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading “SECTION I.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

few pages adjective + noun counted as “few page”

In this reading “_Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.”

some people adjective + noun

In this reading “And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

AdjectivenounUS /ˈædʒɪktɪv/

a word that expresses an attribute of something

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

ciation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading SECTION I.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

namelyadverbUS /ˈneɪmli/

as follows

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

NotenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

nounnounUS /naʊn/

a content word that can be used to refer to a person, place, thing, quality, or action

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF PRONOUNS.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

PersonaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

pleaseverbUS /pliːz/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

proceedverbUS /prəˈsiːd/

continue talking

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

pronounnounUS /ˈproʊnaʊn/

a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

PRONOUNSnounUS /ˈproʊnaʊnz/

plural of “pronoun” — a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase

From this reading OF PRONOUNS.

proxy-nouns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

RelativenounUS /ˈrelətɪv/

a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

SECTIONnounUS /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading SECTION I.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

thingumibob

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Pronouns or proxy-nouns are of three kinds; namely, the Personal, the Relative, and the Adjective Pronouns.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

treatverbUS /triːt/

interact in a certain way

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

what-d'ye-call-it

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

whatsiname

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And that, although we shall proceed to treat of the pronouns in the English language, we shall have nothing to do, at present, with what some people please to call pronoun-_ciation_.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading _Note._--That when we said, some few pages back, that a pronoun was a word used instead of a noun, we did not mean to call such words as thingumibob, whatsiname, what-d’ye-call-it, and the like, pronouns.

Chapter 9 of The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh holds 154 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of The Comic English Grammar contain?

Chapter 9 holds 154 sentences of The Comic English Grammar, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 154 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of The Comic English Grammar?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Comic English Grammar

Common questions about reading The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Comic English Grammar?

Yes. All 2141 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43397 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Comic English Grammar is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43397, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Comic English Grammar take to read?

About 178 minutes of reading across 429 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Comic English Grammar

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Comic English Grammar, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Comic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grammar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.