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The Comic English Grammar
The Comic English Grammar

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Comic English Grammar is here in full — 352 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Comic English Grammar
Context Illustration Reading 1/70 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
OF VERBS.
SECTION I.
OF THE NATURE OF VERBS IN GENERAL.
The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.
Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Comic English Grammar

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The Comic English Grammar is here in full — 352 sentences across 71 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/70 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
OF VERBS.
/ʌv vɜːrbz/
Line 2
SECTION I.
/ˈsekʃən aɪ/
Line 3
OF THE NATURE OF VERBS IN GENERAL.
/ʌv ðə ˈneɪtʃər ʌv vɜːrbz ɪn ˈdʒenərəl/
Line 4
The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.
/ðə ˈneɪtʃər ʌv vɜːrbz ɪn ˈdʒenərəl ənd ðæt ɪn ɔːl ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz ɪz ðæt ðeɪ ɑːr ðə moʊst ˈdɪfəkəlt θɪŋz ɪn ðə ˈɡræmər/
Line 5
Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.
/vɜːrbz ɑːr dɪˈvaɪdɪd ˈɪntuː ˈæktɪv ˈpæsɪv ənd ˈnuːtər ənd ˈɔːlsoʊ ˈɪntuː ˈreɡjələr ˌɪˈreɡjələr ənd dɪˈfektɪv/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Defective adjective US /dɪˈfektɪv/

having a defect

From this reading “Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.”

Grammar noun US /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading “The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.”

Irregular adjective US /ˌɪˈreɡjələr/

contrary to rule or accepted order or general practice

From this reading “Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.”

languages noun US /ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz/

plural of “language” — a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading “The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.”

Neuter noun US /ˈnuːtər/

a gender that refers chiefly (but not exclusively) to inanimate objects (neither masculine nor feminine)

From this reading “Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.”

Passive adjective US /ˈpæsɪv/

lacking in energy or will

From this reading “Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.”

section noun US /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading “SECTION I.”

verbs noun US /vɜːrbz/

plural of “verb” — the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence

From this reading “OF VERBS.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

most difficult adverb + adjective

In this reading “The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.”

All words in this reading · 28

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

ActiveadjectiveUS /ˈæktɪv/

tending to become more severe or wider in scope

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

DefectiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈfektɪv/

having a defect

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

GENERALadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading OF THE NATURE OF VERBS IN GENERAL.

GrammarnounUS /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading SECTION I.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading OF THE NATURE OF VERBS IN GENERAL.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

IrregularadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈreɡjələr/

contrary to rule or accepted order or general practice

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

languagesnounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz/

plural of “language” — a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

NATUREnounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading OF THE NATURE OF VERBS IN GENERAL.

NeuternounUS /ˈnuːtər/

a gender that refers chiefly (but not exclusively) to inanimate objects (neither masculine nor feminine)

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading OF VERBS.

PassiveadjectiveUS /ˈpæsɪv/

lacking in energy or will

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

RegularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading Verbs are divided into Active, Passive, and Neuter; and also into Regular, Irregular, and Defective.

SECTIONnounUS /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading SECTION I.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading OF THE NATURE OF VERBS IN GENERAL.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading The nature of Verbs in general, and that in all languages, is, that they are the most difficult things in the Grammar.

VERBSnounUS /vɜːrbz/

plural of “verb” — the word class that serves as the predicate of a sentence

From this reading OF VERBS.

Chapter 10 of The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh holds 352 sentences, grouped into 71 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The Comic English Grammar contain?

Chapter 10 holds 352 sentences of The Comic English Grammar, unabridged, divided into 71 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 352 sentences, grouped into 71 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The Comic English Grammar?

Work through the 71 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 71 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Comic English Grammar

Common questions about reading The Comic English Grammar by Percival Leigh on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Comic English Grammar?

Yes. All 2141 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43397 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Comic English Grammar is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43397, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Comic English Grammar take to read?

About 178 minutes of reading across 429 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Comic English Grammar section by section

How to work through The Comic English Grammar section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of The Comic English Grammar to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Comic English Grammar

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Comic English Grammar, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Comic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grammar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Comic English Grammar; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.