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The Commission in Lunacy
The Commission in Lunacy

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of The Commission in Lunacy is here in full — 152 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
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M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.
This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.
Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.
M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.
Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Commission in Lunacy

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of The Commission in Lunacy is here in full — 152 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.
Line 2
This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.
Line 3
Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.
Line 4
M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.
Line 5
Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alleviate verb US /əˈliːvieɪt/

provide physical relief, as from pain

From this reading “This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.”

beneficent adjective US /ˌbenəˈfɪʃənt/

doing or producing good

From this reading “This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.”

cleanliness noun US /ˈklenlinɪs/

the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections

From this reading “Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.”

fascinate verb US /ˈfæsəneɪt/

cause to be interested or curious

From this reading “Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.”

narrowness noun US /ˈneroʊnəs/

the property of being narrow; having little width

From this reading “M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.”

puritanical adjective US /ˌpjʊrəˈtænɪkəl/

of or relating to Puritans or Puritanism

From this reading “Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.”

tenement noun US /ˈtenəmənt/

a run-down apartment house barely meeting minimal standards

From this reading “This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.”

twelfth adjective US /twelfθ/

coming next after the eleventh and just before the thirteenth in position

From this reading “This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

alleviateverbUS /əˈliːvieɪt/

provide physical relief, as from pain

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

arrondissement

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

beneficentadjectiveUS /ˌbenəˈfɪʃənt/

doing or producing good

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

bestowedverbUS /bɪˈstoʊd/

past form of “bestow” — present

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

cleanlinessnounUS /ˈklenlinɪs/

the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

colornounUS /ˈkʌlər/

a visual attribute of things that results from the light they emit or transmit or reflect

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

contributedverbUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪd/

past form of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

cureverbUS /kjʊr/

provide a cure for, make healthy again

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

d'Espard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

demandsnounUS /dɪˈmændz/

plural of “demand” — an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

devoteverbUS /dɪˈvoʊt/

give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

examinationnounUS /ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃən/

the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

fascinateverbUS /ˈfæsəneɪt/

cause to be interested or curious

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

floorsnounUS /flɔːrz/

plural of “floor” — the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

forcingverbUS /ˈfɔːrsɪŋ/

-ing form of “force” — to cause to do through pressure or necessity, by physical, moral or intellectual means

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

givesnounUS /ɡɪvz/

plural of “give” — the elasticity of something that can be stretched and returns to its original length

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

gloomnounUS /ɡluːm/

a state of partial or total darkness

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

hopedverbUS /hoʊpt/

past form of “hope” — expect and wish

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

incapableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/

(followed by “of”) lacking capacity or ability

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

jealousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒeləs/

showing extreme cupidity; painfully desirous of another's advantages

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

Jean-Jules

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

judgingnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒɪŋ/

the cognitive process of reaching a decision or drawing conclusions

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

lawyernounUS /ˈlɔːjər/

a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

magistratenounUS /ˈmædʒəstreɪt/

a lay judge or civil authority who administers the law (especially one who conducts a court dealing with minor offenses)

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

maintainingverbUS /meɪnˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “maintain” — cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

maladynounUS /ˈmælədi/

any unwholesome or desperate condition

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

Marquisenoun

a noblewoman ranking below a duchess and above a countess

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

MennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

minutenounUS /ˈmɪnət/

a unit of time equal to 60 seconds or 1/60th of an hour

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

narrownessnounUS /ˈneroʊnəs/

the property of being narrow; having little width

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

plantverbUS /plænt/

put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

Popinot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

ProvidencenounUS /ˈprɑː.və.dəns/

The protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power. (Sự quan phòng, thiên ý phù hộ.)

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

puritanicaladjectiveUS /ˌpjʊrəˈtænɪkəl/

of or relating to Puritans or Puritanism

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

ridiculousadjectiveUS /rɪˈdɪkjələs/

inspiring scornful pity

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

seemlyadjective

according with custom or propriety

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

sketchnounUS /sketʃ/

preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

superficialadjectiveUS /ˌsuːpərˈfɪʃəl/

concerned with or comprehending only what is apparent or obvious; not deep or penetrating emotionally or intellectually

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

tenementnounUS /ˈtenəmənt/

a run-down apartment house barely meeting minimal standards

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading Men who are jealous of maintaining the dignity required by this color ought to devote themselves to constant and minute care of their person; but our dear M. Popinot was incapable of forcing himself to the puritanical cleanliness which black demands.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

twelfthadjectiveUS /twelfθ/

coming next after the eleventh and just before the thirteenth in position

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading M. Jean-Jules Popinot lived on the first floor of this house, where the gloom, natural to all first floors in Paris houses, was increased by the narrowness of the street.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This old tenement was known to all the twelfth arrondissement, on which Providence had bestowed this lawyer, as it gives a beneficent plant to cure or alleviate every malady.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading M. Popinot, as is seemly for a magistrate, was always dressed in black--a style which contributed to make him ridiculous in the eyes of those who were in the habit of judging everything from a superficial examination.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Here is a sketch of a man whom the brilliant Marquise d’Espard hoped to fascinate.

Chapter 2 of The Commission in Lunacy by Honoré de Balzac holds 152 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of The Commission in Lunacy contain?

Chapter 2 holds 152 sentences of The Commission in Lunacy, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of The Commission in Lunacy by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 152 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of The Commission in Lunacy?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Questions about reading The Commission in Lunacy

Common questions about reading The Commission in Lunacy by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Commission in Lunacy?

Yes. All 1150 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1410 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Commission in Lunacy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1410, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Commission in Lunacy take to read?

About 95 minutes of reading across 230 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Commission in Lunacy

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Commission in Lunacy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Clock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Commission in Lunacy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Morning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Commission in Lunacy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Persons
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Commission in Lunacy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Large
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Commission in Lunacy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.