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The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy
The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy is here in full — 438 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
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STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”
ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.
To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.
The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.
And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy is here in full — 438 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John GalsworthyJe vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”
Line 2
ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.
Line 3
To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.
Line 4
The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.
Line 5
And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cosmopolitan adjective US /ˌkɑːzməˈpɑːlətən/

growing or occurring in many parts of the world

From this reading “The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.”

essays noun US /eˈseɪz/

plural of “essay” — an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading “STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.””

Galsworthy noun US /ˈɡælzwɜːrði/

English novelist (1867-1933)

From this reading “STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.””

groves noun US /ɡroʊvz/

United States general who served as military director of the atomic bomb project (1896-1970)

From this reading “—ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.”

junipers noun US /ˈdʒuːnɪpərz/

plural of “juniper” — desert shrub of Syria and Arabia having small white flowers; constitutes the juniper of the Old Testament; sometimes placed in genus Genista

From this reading “—ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.”

odour noun US /ˈoʊdər/

the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form

From this reading “And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.”

olives noun US /ˈɑːlɪvz/

plural of “olive” — small ovoid fruit of the European olive tree; important food and source of oil

From this reading “—ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.”

presiding verb US /prɪˈzaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “preside” — act as president

From this reading “The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

admirationnounUS /ˌædmərˈeɪʃən/

a feeling of delighted approval and liking

From this reading And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

ANATOLE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

babynounUS /ˈbeɪbi/

a very young child (birth to 1 year) who has not yet begun to walk or talk

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

blueadjectiveUS /bluː/

of the color intermediate between green and violet; having a color similar to that of a clear unclouded sky

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

breakingnounUS /ˈbreɪkɪŋ/

the act of breaking something

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

cigarnounUS /sɪˈɡɑːr/

a roll of tobacco for smoking

From this reading And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

cockverbUS /kɑːk/

tilt or slant to one side

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

CompleteverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

consciousadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnʃəs/

intentionally conceived

From this reading And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.

contemplationnounUS /ˌkɑːntəmˈpleɪʃən/

a long and thoughtful observation

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

cosmopolitanadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːzməˈpɑːlətən/

growing or occurring in many parts of the world

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

cypress-trees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

cypresses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

di

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

dirai

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

effigies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

ESSAYSnounUS /eˈseɪz/

plural of “essay” — an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

estnounUS /est/

standard time in the 5th time zone west of Greenwich, reckoned at the 75th meridian; used in the eastern United States

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

expectverbUS /ɪkˈspekt/

regard something as probable or likely

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

FRANCEnounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

full-flavoured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.

GalsworthynounUS /ˈɡælzwɜːrði/

English novelist (1867-1933)

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

goat-haunted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

gramophonenoun

an antique record player; the sound of the vibrating needle is amplified acoustically

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

grovesnounUS /ɡroʊvz/

United States general who served as military director of the atomic bomb project (1896-1970)

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

hennounUS /hen/

adult female chicken

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

Je

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

junipersnounUS /ˈdʒuːnɪpərz/

plural of “juniper” — desert shrub of Syria and Arabia having small white flowers; constitutes the juniper of the Old Testament; sometimes placed in genus Genista

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

l'exces

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

lackingadjectiveUS /ˈlækɪŋ/

inadequate in amount or degree

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

legendnounUS /ˈledʒənd/

a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.

mal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

odournounUS /ˈoʊdər/

the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form

From this reading And, lost in admiration, we became conscious of the odour of a full-flavoured cigar.

Odyssean

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

olive-grove

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

olivesnounUS /ˈɑːlɪvz/

plural of “olive” — small ovoid fruit of the European olive tree; important food and source of oil

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

Osteria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

partlyadverbUS /ˈpɑːrtli/

to some extent; in some degree; not wholly

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

pine-trees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

pinknounUS /pɪŋk/

a light shade of red

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

presidingverbUS /prɪˈzaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “preside” — act as president

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

que

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

signsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

skittle-alley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

songnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

spiritualadjectiveUS /ˈspɪrɪtʃuːəl/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

STUDIESnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

tarried

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

toujours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

Tranquillita

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

unnounUS /ʌn/

an organization of independent states formed in 1945 to promote international peace and security

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

UnderprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

vous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading STUDIES AND ESSAYS, Complete By John Galsworthy “Je vous dirai que l'exces est toujours un mal.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The song of a gramophone, too, was breaking forth into the air, as it were the presiding voice of a high and cosmopolitan mind.

wavesnounUS /weɪvz/

plural of “wave” — one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading —ANATOLE FRANCE Under a burning blue sky, among the pine-trees and junipers, the cypresses and olives of that Odyssean coast, we came one afternoon on a pink house bearing the legend: “Osteria di Tranquillita,”; and, partly because of the name, and partly because we did not expect to find a house at all in those goat-haunted groves above the waves, we tarried for contemplation.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading To the familiar simplicity of that Italian building there were not lacking signs of a certain spiritual change, for out of the olive-grove which grew to its very doors a skittle-alley had been formed, and two baby cypress-trees were cut into the effigies of a cock and hen.

Chapter 1 of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy by John Galsworthy holds 438 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy contain?

Chapter 1 holds 438 sentences of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy by John Galsworthy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 438 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 2626 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4261 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #4261, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 218 minutes of reading across 526 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Studies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Complete
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Galsworthy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Complete Essays of John Galsworthy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.