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The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852
The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 is here in full — 69 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”
He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.
He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.
Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.
Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 is here in full — 69 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”
Line 2
He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.
Line 3
He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.
Line 4
Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.
/ðoʊ ðə er wɑːz stɪl ðə ˈkændəl drɪpt ənd ˈflɪkərd naʊ ˈlaɪtɪŋ ʌp ðə poʊst ʌv ðə pɔːrtʃ naʊ ðə ˈteɪbəl ənd ˈkrɑːkəri naʊ ðə krɑːpt waɪt hed ʌv ðə oʊld mæn/
Line 5
Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.
/mɔːθs ˈsɜːrkəld raʊnd ðə fleɪm ənd ˈʃedɪŋ ðə dʌst ʌv ðer wɪŋz ˈflʌtərd ɑːn ðə ˈteɪbəl ənd ɪn ðə ˈɡlæsəz fluː ˈɪntuː ðə ˈkændəl fleɪm ənd ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd ɪn ðə blæk speɪs bɪˈɑːnd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

circled verb US /ˈsɜːrkəld/

past form of “circle” — travel around something

From this reading “Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.”

crockery noun US /ˈkrɑːkəri/

tableware (eating and serving dishes) collectively

From this reading “Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.”

cropped adjective US /krɑːpt/

(of land or soil) used for growing crops

From this reading “Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.”

dripped verb US /drɪpt/

inflected form of “drip” — fall in drops

From this reading “Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.”

flickered verb US /ˈflɪkərd/

past form of “flicker” — move back and forth very rapidly

From this reading “Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.”

fluttered verb US /ˈflʌtərd/

past form of “flutter” — move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading “Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.”

Moths noun US /mɔːθs/

plural of “moth” — typically crepuscular or nocturnal insect having a stout body and feathery or hairlike antennae

From this reading “Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.”

shedding noun US /ˈʃedɪŋ/

the process whereby something is shed

From this reading “Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

candlenounUS /ˈkændəl/

stick of wax with a wick in the middle

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

cigarnounUS /sɪˈɡɑːr/

a roll of tobacco for smoking

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

circledverbUS /ˈsɜːrkəld/

past form of “circle” — travel around something

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

crockerynounUS /ˈkrɑːkəri/

tableware (eating and serving dishes) collectively

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

croppedadjectiveUS /krɑːpt/

(of land or soil) used for growing crops

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

cupnounUS /kʌp/

a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

DaddynounUS /ˈdædi/

an informal term for a father; probably derived from baby talk

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

devilnounUS /ˈdevəl/

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

disappearedverbUS /ˌdɪsəˈpɪrd/

past form of “disappear” — get lost, as without warning or explanation

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

drippedverbUS /drɪpt/

inflected form of “drip” — fall in drops

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

Eróshka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

flamenounUS /fleɪm/

A hot glowing body of ignited gas produced by fire.

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

flewverbUS /fluː/

inflected form of “fly” — travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

flickeredverbUS /ˈflɪkərd/

past form of “flicker” — move back and forth very rapidly

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

flutteredverbUS /ˈflʌtərd/

past form of “flutter” — move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

glassesnounUS /ˈɡlæsəz/

(plural) optical instrument consisting of a frame that holds a pair of lenses for correcting defective vision

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

lightingnounUS /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

having abundant light or illumination

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

listenedverbUS /ˈlɪsənd/

past form of “listen” — hear with intention

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

lodgernoun

a tenant in someone's house

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

lodgingnounUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪŋ/

structures collectively in which people are housed

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

Maryánka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

MothsnounUS /mɔːθs/

plural of “moth” — typically crepuscular or nocturnal insect having a stout body and feathery or hairlike antennae

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

Olénin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

porchnounUS /pɔːrtʃ/

a structure attached to the exterior of a building often forming a covered entrance

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

postverbUS /poʊst/

affix in a public place or for public notice

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

samovarnoun

a metal urn with a spigot at the base; used in Russia to boil water for tea

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

sheddingnounUS /ˈʃedɪŋ/

the process whereby something is shed

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

spentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

talesnounUS /teɪlz/

plural of “tale” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

teanounUS /tiː/

a beverage made by steeping tea leaves in water

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

thresholdnounUS /ˈθreʃoʊld/

the starting point for a new state or experience

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Though the air was still, the candle dripped and flickered: now lighting up the post of the porch, now the table and crockery, now the cropped white head of the old man.

winenounUS /waɪn/

fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading He had had a table, a samovar, wine, and a candle brought out, and over a cup of tea and a cigar he listened to the tales the old man told seated on the threshold at his feet.

wingsnounUS /wɪŋz/

a means of flight or ascent

From this reading Moths circled round the flame and, shedding the dust of their wings, fluttered on the table and in the glasses, flew into the candle flame, and disappeared in the black space beyond.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He had spent that evening with Daddy Eróshka in the porch of his new lodging.

yardnounUS /jɑːrd/

a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading It was quite true that Olénin had been walking about the yard when Maryánka entered the gate, and had heard her say, “That devil, our lodger, is walking about.”

Chapter 13 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 by Leo, graf Tolstoy holds 69 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 contain?

Chapter 13 holds 69 sentences of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 by Leo, graf Tolstoy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 69 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852

Common questions about reading The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 by Leo, graf Tolstoy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852?

Yes. All 4174 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4761 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4761, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 take to read?

About 347 minutes of reading across 835 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 section by section

How to work through The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First-rate
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fellows
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Repeating
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ready
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.