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The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852
The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.
The autumn night was fresh and calm.
The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.
From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.
Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852

Chapter XXXVI · Chapter 36

Chapter 36 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 is here in full — 134 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.
Line 2
The autumn night was fresh and calm.
/ðə ˈɔːtəm naɪt wɑːz freʃ ənd kɑːm/
Line 3
The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.
Line 4
From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.
/frʌm ðə ˈtʃɪmniz ʌv ðə ˈaʊthaʊsɪz smoʊk roʊz ənd spred əˈbʌv ðə ˈvɪlədʒ ˈmɪŋɡəlɪŋ wɪð ðə mɪst/
Line 5
Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

autumn noun US /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading “The autumn night was fresh and calm.”

chimneys noun US /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading “From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.”

floated verb US /ˈfloʊtəd/

past form of “float” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading “The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.”

laden adjective US /ˈleɪdən/

filled with a great quantity

From this reading “Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.”

mingling noun US /ˈmɪŋɡəlɪŋ/

the action of people mingling and coming into contact

From this reading “From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.”

mist verb US /mɪst/

become covered with mist

From this reading “From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.”

outhouses noun US /ˈaʊthaʊsɪz/

plural of “outhouse” — a small outbuilding with a bench having holes through which a user can defecate

From this reading “From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.”

smell noun US /smel/

the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form

From this reading “Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The autumn night was fresh and calm.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading The autumn night was fresh and calm.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading The autumn night was fresh and calm.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

floatedverbUS /ˈfloʊtəd/

past form of “float” — be in motion due to some air or water current

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading The autumn night was fresh and calm.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

goldenadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊldən/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

grape-pulp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

kisyak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

ladenadjectiveUS /ˈleɪdən/

filled with a great quantity

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

lightsnounUS /laɪts/

plural of “light” — (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

Lukáshka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

minglingnounUS /ˈmɪŋɡəlɪŋ/

the action of people mingling and coming into contact

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

mistverbUS /mɪst/

become covered with mist

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

moonnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The autumn night was fresh and calm.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

outhousesnounUS /ˈaʊthaʊsɪz/

plural of “outhouse” — a small outbuilding with a bench having holes through which a user can defecate

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

poplars

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

shoneverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

smellnounUS /smel/

the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The full golden moon floated up behind the tall dark poplars that grew on one side of the square.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was already dark when Lukáshka went out into the street.

windowsnounUS /ˈwɪndoʊz/

(trademark) an operating system with a graphical user interface

From this reading Here and there lights shone through the windows, and the air was laden with the smell of _kisyak_, grape-pulp, and mist.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading From the chimneys of the outhouses smoke rose and spread above the village, mingling with the mist.

Chapter 36 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 by Leo, graf Tolstoy holds 134 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 36 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 contain?

Chapter 36 holds 134 sentences of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 36 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 by Leo, graf Tolstoy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 134 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 36 of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 36 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 36 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852

Common questions about reading The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 by Leo, graf Tolstoy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852?

Yes. All 4174 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4761 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4761, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 take to read?

About 347 minutes of reading across 835 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 section by section

How to work through The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First-rate
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fellows
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Repeating
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ready
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Cossacks: A Tale of 1852; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.