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The Countess Cosel
The Countess Cosel

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Countess Cosel is here in full — 249 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Countess Cosel
Context Illustration Reading 1/49 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.
It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.
Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.
It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.
The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Countess Cosel

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of The Countess Cosel is here in full — 249 sentences across 50 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/49 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.
Line 2
It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.
Line 3
Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.
Line 4
It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈevədənt ðæt ɪts ˈoʊnər bɪˈstoʊd ɡreɪt ker ɑːn ðə ˈbjuːti ʌv hɪz haʊs/
Line 5
The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.
/ðə smɔːl ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd wɑːz sərˈaʊndɪd baɪ æn ˈaɪərn ˈreɪlɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

courtyard noun US /ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd/

An unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by the walls of a house.

From this reading “The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.”

Dresden noun US /ˈdrezdɪn/

a city in southeastern Germany on the Elbe River; it was almost totally destroyed by British air raids in 1945

From this reading “Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.”

dwellings noun US /ˈdwelɪŋz/

plural of “dwelling” — housing that someone is living in

From this reading “It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.”

Elbe noun US /elb/

a river in central Europe that arises in northwestern Czechoslovakia and flows northward through Germany to empty into the North Sea

From this reading “Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.”

linden noun US /ˈlɪndən/

soft light-colored wood of any of various linden trees; used in making crates and boxes and in carving and millwork

From this reading “It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.”

ornamented verb US /ˈɔːrnəmentɪd/

past form of “ornament” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading “Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.”

pines noun US /paɪnz/

plural of “pine” — a coniferous tree

From this reading “It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.”

railing noun US /ˈreɪlɪŋ/

a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading “The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

iron railing noun + noun

In this reading “The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.”

linden trees noun + noun counted as “linden tree”

any of various deciduous trees of the genus Tilia with heart-shaped leaves and drooping cymose clusters of yellowish often fragrant flowers; several yield valuable timber

In this reading “It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.”

on the banks preposition + article + noun counted as “on … banks”

In this reading “Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.”

small village adjective + noun

In this reading “It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.”

great care adjective + noun

more attention and consideration than is normally bestowed by prudent persons

In this reading “It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.”

from view preposition + noun

In this reading “It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

bestowedverbUS /bɪˈstoʊd/

past form of “bestow” — present

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

better-class

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

containingverbUS /kənˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

courtyardnounUS /ˈkɔːrt.jɑːrd/

An unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by the walls of a house.

From this reading The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.

DresdennounUS /ˈdrezdɪn/

a city in southeastern Germany on the Elbe River; it was almost totally destroyed by British air raids in 1945

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

dwellingsnounUS /ˈdwelɪŋz/

plural of “dwelling” — housing that someone is living in

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

ElbenounUS /elb/

a river in central Europe that arises in northwestern Czechoslovakia and flows northward through Germany to empty into the North Sea

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

evidentadjectiveUS /ˈevədənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

hiddenadjectiveUS /ˈhɪdən/

not accessible to view

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

Hoym's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

Laubegast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

lindennounUS /ˈlɪndən/

soft light-colored wood of any of various linden trees; used in making crates and boxes and in carving and millwork

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

modestadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdəst/

marked by simplicity; having a humble opinion of yourself

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

ornamentedverbUS /ˈɔːrnəmentɪd/

past form of “ornament” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

ownernounUS /ˈoʊnər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

permittedverbUS /pərˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “permit” — consent to, give permission

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

pinesnounUS /paɪnz/

plural of “pine” — a coniferous tree

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

railingnounUS /ˈreɪlɪŋ/

a barrier consisting of a horizontal bar and supports

From this reading The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

situatedadjectiveUS /ˈsɪtʃuːeɪtɪd/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading The small courtyard was surrounded by an iron railing.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was evident that its owner bestowed great care on the beauty of his house.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Laubegast is situated on the banks of the river Elbe, two hours' ride from Dresden.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

villanounUS /ˈvɪlə/

Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading It is a small village, containing only a few better-class dwellings, and these are hidden from view among old linden trees, and tall, black pines.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Count Hoym's villa was built in the French style, and ornamented as well as its modest size permitted.

Chapter 3 of The Countess Cosel by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski holds 249 sentences, grouped into 50 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Countess Cosel contain?

Chapter 3 holds 249 sentences of The Countess Cosel, unabridged, divided into 50 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Countess Cosel by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 249 sentences, grouped into 50 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Countess Cosel?

Work through the 50 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 50 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Countess Cosel

Common questions about reading The Countess Cosel by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Countess Cosel?

Yes. All 5282 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37623 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Countess Cosel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37623, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Countess Cosel take to read?

About 440 minutes of reading across 1057 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Countess Cosel section by section

How to work through The Countess Cosel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of The Countess Cosel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Countess Cosel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Countess Cosel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Alternate
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Countess Cosel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spelling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Countess Cosel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Countess Cosel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jozef
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Countess Cosel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.