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The Countess Cosel
The Countess Cosel

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of The Countess Cosel is here in full — 275 sentences across 55 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/55 · 5 lines
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Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.
In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.
This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.
Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.
On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Countess Cosel

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of The Countess Cosel is here in full — 275 sentences across 55 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/55 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.
Line 2
In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.
Line 3
This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.
/ðɪs ˈbætəl wɑːz dɪˈsaɪsɪv fɔːr ˈmeni ˈkʌntriz ənd fɔːr ə stɪl ˈɡreɪtər ˈnʌmbər ʌv ˈpɜːrsənz/
Line 4
Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.
Line 5
On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Augustus noun US /ɑːˈɡʌstəs/

Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC; defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC at Actium (63 BC - AD 14)

From this reading “Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.”

courtier noun US /ˈkɔːrtiər/

an attendant at the court of a sovereign

From this reading “On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.”

decisive adjective US /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/

determining or having the power to determine an outcome

From this reading “This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.”

hastening verb US /ˈheɪsənɪŋ/

-ing form of “hasten” — act or move at high speed

From this reading “Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.”

overtaken verb US /ˈoʊvərteɪkən/

inflected form of “overtake” — catch up with and possibly overtake

From this reading “On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.”

recklessness noun US /ˈrekləsnəs/

the trait of giving little thought to danger

From this reading “In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.”

surpassed verb US /sərˈpæst/

past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself

From this reading “Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.”

Warsaw noun US /ˈwɔːrsɔː/

the capital and largest city of Poland; located in central Poland

From this reading “On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greater number adjective + noun

In this reading “This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.”

young man adjective + noun

a teenager or a young adult male

In this reading “In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.”

well satisfied adverb + adjective

In this reading “Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.”

own country verb + noun

In this reading “On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.”

overtaken by verb + particle counted as “overtake by”

In this reading “On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.”

surpassed by verb + particle counted as “surpass by”

In this reading “Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

affectionnounUS /əˈfekʃən/

a positive feeling of liking

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

AugustusnounUS /ɑːˈɡʌstəs/

Roman statesman who established the Roman Empire and became emperor in 27 BC; defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC at Actium (63 BC - AD 14)

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

believesverbUS /bɪˈliːvz/

third-person singular of “believe” — accept as true; take to be true

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

BerlinnounUS /bərˈlɪn/

capital of Germany located in eastern Germany

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

braverynounUS /ˈbreɪvəri/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

courtiernounUS /ˈkɔːrtiər/

an attendant at the court of a sovereign

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

decisiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/

determining or having the power to determine an outcome

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

desertedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

destinynounUS /ˈdestəni/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

enjoyingverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

handfulnounUS /ˈhændfʊl/

a small number or amount

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

hasteningverbUS /ˈheɪsənɪŋ/

-ing form of “hasten” — act or move at high speed

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

hurledverbUS /hɜːrld/

past form of “hurl” — throw forcefully

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

indifferencenounUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfərəns/

unbiased impartial unconcern

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

lionnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

lovernounUS /ˈlʌvər/

a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

luxurynounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəri/

something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

overtakenverbUS /ˈoʊvərteɪkən/

inflected form of “overtake” — catch up with and possibly overtake

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

plainsnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plain” — extensive tract of level open land

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

Poltowa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

preservedadjectiveUS /prəˈzɜːrvd/

prevented from decaying or spoiling and prepared for future use

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

PrincessnounUS /ˈprɪn.ses/

The daughter of a monarch; a female member of a royal family.

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

recklessnessnounUS /ˈrekləsnəs/

the trait of giving little thought to danger

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

returningadjectiveUS /rɪˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

tending to return to an earlier state

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

satisfiedadjectiveUS /ˈsætəsfaɪd/

filled with satisfaction

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

sentimentsnounUS /ˈsentəmənts/

plural of “sentiment” — tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

splendournoun

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

surpassedverbUS /sərˈpæst/

past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

Teschen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This battle was decisive for many countries, and for a still greater number of persons.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

WarsawnounUS /ˈwɔːrsɔː/

the capital and largest city of Poland; located in central Poland

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading On his way he was overtaken by a courtier, sent from Warsaw by Princess Teschen, who, on being deserted by Augustus, had returned to her own country, although she still preserved some sentiments of affection towards her royal lover.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Augustus was returning from Berlin well satisfied that he had not been surpassed by that Court, which did not care for splendour or luxury.

WhilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

XIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading Whilst Augustus was enjoying himself with the indifference of a man who believes in destiny, Charles XII. was also hastening to his fate.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading In a strange country, with a handful of men, he hurled himself against an unknown power; and, with the bravery of a lion and the recklessness of a young man, he accepted battle on the plains of Poltowa.

Chapter 15 of The Countess Cosel by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski holds 275 sentences, grouped into 55 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of The Countess Cosel contain?

Chapter 15 holds 275 sentences of The Countess Cosel, unabridged, divided into 55 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of The Countess Cosel by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 275 sentences, grouped into 55 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of The Countess Cosel?

Work through the 55 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 55 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Countess Cosel

Common questions about reading The Countess Cosel by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Countess Cosel?

Yes. All 5282 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37623 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Countess Cosel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37623, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Countess Cosel take to read?

About 440 minutes of reading across 1057 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Countess Cosel section by section

How to work through The Countess Cosel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of The Countess Cosel to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Countess Cosel

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Countess Cosel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Alternate
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Countess Cosel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spelling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Countess Cosel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Countess Cosel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jozef
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Countess Cosel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.