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The Covered Wagon
The Covered Wagon

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of The Covered Wagon is here in full — 188 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Covered Wagon
Context Illustration Reading 1/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.
Organization there now was none.
But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.
The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.
Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Covered Wagon

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of The Covered Wagon is here in full — 188 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.
Line 2
Organization there now was none.
/ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃən ðer naʊ wɑːz nʌn/
Line 3
But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.
Line 4
The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.
/ðə ɪˈfekts ʌv ðə stɔːrm wɜːr nɑːt soʊ ˈkeɪpəbəl ʌv ɪˈveɪʒən/
Line 5
Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

banked verb US /bæŋkt/

past form of “bank” — tip laterally

From this reading “THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.”

evasion noun US /ɪˈveɪʒən/

a statement that is not literally false but that cleverly avoids an unpleasant truth

From this reading “The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.”

gregarious adjective US /ɡrəˈɡeriəs/

(of animals) tending to form a group with others of the same species

From this reading “Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.”

impaired adjective US /ˌɪmˈperd/

diminished in strength, quality, or utility

From this reading “Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.”

Sodden adjective US /ˈsɑːdən/

wet through and through; thoroughly wet

From this reading “Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.”

stampeded verb US /stæmˈpiːdɪd/

past form of “stampede” — cause to run in panic

From this reading “Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.”

units noun US /ˈjuːnəts/

plural of “unit” — any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange

From this reading “Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.”

Vermilion adjective US /vərˈmɪljən/

of a vivid red to reddish-orange color

From this reading “THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1848

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

abjectadjectiveUS /ˈæbdʒekt/

of the most contemptible kind

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

Banion's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

bankedverbUS /bæŋkt/

past form of “bank” — tip laterally

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

chilledverbUS /tʃɪld/

past form of “chill” — depress or discourage

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

confusionnounUS /kənˈfjuːʒən/

disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

despairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

discontentnounUS /dɪskənˈtent/

a longing for something better than the present situation

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

DIVISIONnounUS /dɪˈvɪʒən/

an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

effectsnounUS /ɪˈfekts/

property of a personal character that is portable but not used in business

From this reading The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.

entireadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtaɪər/

constituting the full quantity or extent; complete

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

evasionnounUS /ɪˈveɪʒən/

a statement that is not literally false but that cleverly avoids an unpleasant truth

From this reading The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.

firesnounUS /ˈfaɪərz/

plural of “fire” — the event of something burning (often destructive)

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

goodsnounUS /ɡʊdz/

plural of “good” — benefit

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

gregariousadjectiveUS /ɡrəˈɡeriəs/

(of animals) tending to form a group with others of the same species

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

impairedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈperd/

diminished in strength, quality, or utility

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

individualadjectiveUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading Organization there now was none.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Organization there now was none.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

OrganizationnounUS /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃən/

a group of people who work together

From this reading Organization there now was none.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

self-reliancenoun

personal independence

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.

SoddenadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːdən/

wet through and through; thoroughly wet

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

stampededverbUS /stæmˈpiːdɪd/

past form of “stampede” — cause to run in panic

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Organization there now was none.

trainverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

unitsnounUS /ˈjuːnəts/

plural of “unit” — any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

utterverbUS /ˈʌtər/

articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

VermilionadjectiveUS /vərˈmɪljən/

of a vivid red to reddish-orange color

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

wagonnounUS /ˈwæɡən/

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading THE DIVISION The great wagon train of 1848 lay banked along the Vermilion in utter and abject confusion.

wagonsnounUS /ˈwæɡənz/

plural of “wagon” — any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Organization there now was none.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The effects of the storm were not so capable of evasion.

wipedverbUS /waɪpt/

past form of “wipe” — rub with a circular motion

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But for Banion's work with the back fires the entire train would have been wiped out.

wretchedadjectiveUS /ˈretʃɪd/

of very poor quality or condition

From this reading Sodden, wretched, miserable, chilled, their goods impaired, their cattle stampeded, all sense of gregarious self-reliance gone, two hundred wagons were no more than two hundred individual units of discontent and despair.

Chapter 13 of The Covered Wagon by Emerson Hough holds 188 sentences, grouped into 38 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of The Covered Wagon contain?

Chapter 13 holds 188 sentences of The Covered Wagon, unabridged, divided into 38 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of The Covered Wagon by Emerson Hough exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 188 sentences, grouped into 38 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of The Covered Wagon?

Work through the 38 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 38 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Covered Wagon

Common questions about reading The Covered Wagon by Emerson Hough on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Covered Wagon?

Yes. All 6631 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13384 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Covered Wagon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13384, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Covered Wagon take to read?

About 552 minutes of reading across 1327 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Covered Wagon section by section

How to work through The Covered Wagon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Covered Wagon

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Covered Wagon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Jesse
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Covered Wagon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Covered Wagon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fifty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Covered Wagon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Families
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Covered Wagon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.