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The Covered Wagon
The Covered Wagon

Chapter XXX · Chapter 30

Chapter 30 of The Covered Wagon is here in full — 206 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Covered Wagon
Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.
Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.
But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.
Half fanatics?
That may be.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Covered Wagon

Chapter XXX · Chapter 30

Chapter 30 of The Covered Wagon is here in full — 206 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.
Line 2
Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.
/ɡreɪ ɡrɪm wɜːrk ˈtɔɪlɪŋ ˈoʊvər ðə dʌst ənd sænd/
Line 3
But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.
/bʌt æt ðə hed ˈwæɡən ˈteɪkɪŋ ˈoʊvər æn ˈempaɪər fʊt baɪ fʊt fluː ðə ɡreɪt flæɡ/
Line 4
Half fanatics?
/hæf fəˈnætɪks/
Line 5
That may be.
/ðæt meɪ biː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

afoot adverb US /əˈfʊt/

on foot; walking

From this reading “A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.”

fanatics noun US /fəˈnætɪks/

plural of “fanatic” — a person motivated by irrational enthusiasm (as for a cause)

From this reading “Half fanatics?”

gingerly adjective US /ˈdʒɪndʒərli/

with extreme care or delicacy

From this reading “A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.”

permanently adverb US /ˈpɜːrmənəntli/

for a long time without essential change

From this reading “A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.”

rawhide noun US /ˈrɔːhaɪd/

untanned hide especially of cattle; cut in strips it is used for whips and ropes

From this reading “A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.”

stepping verb US /ˈstepɪŋ/

inflected form of “step” — shift or move by taking a step

From this reading “A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.”

toiling adjective US /ˈtɔɪlɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading “Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.”

wagon noun US /ˈwæɡən/

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading “But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

afootadverbUS /əˈfʊt/

on foot; walking

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading That may be.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.

empirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

facedadjectiveUS /feɪst/

having a face or facing especially of a specified kind or number; often used in combination

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

fanaticsnounUS /fəˈnætɪks/

plural of “fanatic” — a person motivated by irrational enthusiasm (as for a cause)

From this reading Half fanatics?

flagnounUS /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

flewverbUS /fluː/

inflected form of “fly” — travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

FRIENDSHIPnounUS /ˈfrendʃɪp/

the state of being friends (or friendly)

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

gingerlyadjectiveUS /ˈdʒɪndʒərli/

with extreme care or delicacy

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

GraynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

grimadjectiveUS /ɡrɪm/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.

HalfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading Half fanatics?

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

kinenoun

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

low-headed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

MATTERnounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading That may be.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

OnceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.

permanentlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrmənəntli/

for a long time without essential change

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

rawhidenounUS /ˈrɔːhaɪd/

untanned hide especially of cattle; cut in strips it is used for whips and ropes

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

sandnounUS /sænd/

a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral

From this reading Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.

shoesnounUS /ʃuːz/

a particular situation

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

steppingverbUS /ˈstepɪŋ/

inflected form of “step” — shift or move by taking a step

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That may be.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

toilingadjectiveUS /ˈtɔɪlɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.

trainverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

wagonnounUS /ˈwæɡən/

any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading But at the head wagon, taking over an empire foot by foot, flew the great flag.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading A MATTER OF FRIENDSHIP Once more the train, now permanently divided into two, faced the desert, all the men and many women now afoot, the kine low-headed, stepping gingerly in their new rawhide shoes.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Gray, grim work, toiling over the dust and sand.

Chapter 30 of The Covered Wagon by Emerson Hough holds 206 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 30 of The Covered Wagon contain?

Chapter 30 holds 206 sentences of The Covered Wagon, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 30 of The Covered Wagon by Emerson Hough exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 206 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 30 of The Covered Wagon?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 30 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 30 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Covered Wagon

Common questions about reading The Covered Wagon by Emerson Hough on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Covered Wagon?

Yes. All 6631 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13384 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Covered Wagon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13384, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Covered Wagon take to read?

About 552 minutes of reading across 1327 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Covered Wagon section by section

How to work through The Covered Wagon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Covered Wagon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Covered Wagon

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Covered Wagon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Jesse
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Covered Wagon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Covered Wagon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fifty
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Covered Wagon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Families
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Covered Wagon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.