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The Crisis — Volume 04
The Crisis — Volume 04

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Crisis — Volume 04 is here in full — 169 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.
The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.
It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.
In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.
"Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Crisis — Volume 04

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Crisis — Volume 04 is here in full — 169 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.
Line 2
The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.
/ðə ˈveri fɜːrst wɑːz ˈræðər enˈkɜːrɪdʒɪŋ ðæn ˈʌðərwaɪz ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ðeɪ wɜːr nɑːt ɔːl soʊ/
Line 3
It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.
/ɪt wɑːz æt ə ˈlɪtəl taʊn ɑːn ðə ˈaʊtskɜːrts ʌv ðə ˈsɪti wer ðoʊz huː hæd kʌm tuː skɔːf ənd dʒɪr rɪˈmeɪnd tuː ˈlɪsən/
Line 4
In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.
/ɪn ˈraɪtɪŋ ðæt spiːtʃ ˈstiːvən hæd ˈstrɪvən tuː ber ɪn maɪnd ə piːs ʌv ædˈvaɪs wɪtʃ ˈmɪstər ˈlɪŋkən hæd ˈɡɪvən hɪm/
Line 5
"Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."
/spiːk soʊ ðæt ðə ˈloʊəst meɪ ˌʌndərˈstænd ənd ðə rest wɪl hæv noʊ ˈtrʌbəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

encouraging adjective US /enˈkɜːrɪdʒɪŋ/

giving courage or confidence or hope

From this reading “The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.”

jeer verb US /dʒɪr/

laugh at with contempt and derision

From this reading “It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.”

Lincoln noun US /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading “In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.”

lowest adjective US /ˈloʊəst/

lowest in rank or importance

From this reading “"Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."”

outskirts noun US /ˈaʊtskɜːrts/

outlying areas (as of a city or town)

From this reading “It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.”

scar noun US /skɑːr/

a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue

From this reading “RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.”

scoff verb US /skɔːf/

laugh at with contempt and derision

From this reading “It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.”

striven verb US /ˈstrɪvən/

inflected form of “strive” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading “In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

advicenounUS /ædˈvaɪs/

a proposal for an appropriate course of action

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

Brice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

encouragingadjectiveUS /enˈkɜːrɪdʒɪŋ/

giving courage or confidence or hope

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

jeerverbUS /dʒɪr/

laugh at with contempt and derision

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

LincolnnounUS /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

listenverbUS /ˈlɪsən/

hear with intention

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

lowestadjectiveUS /ˈloʊəst/

lowest in rank or importance

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

outskirtsnounUS /ˈaʊtskɜːrts/

outlying areas (as of a city or town)

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

RICHTER'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

SCARnounUS /skɑːr/

a mark left (usually on the skin) by the healing of injured tissue

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

scoffverbUS /skɔːf/

laugh at with contempt and derision

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

SpeakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

StephennounUS /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

strivenverbUS /ˈstrɪvən/

inflected form of “strive” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The very first was rather encouraging than otherwise, although they were not all so.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading RICHTER'S SCAR This was the summer when Mr. Stephen Brice began to make his appearance in public.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It was at a little town on the outskirts of the city where those who had come to scoff and jeer remained to listen.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "Speak so that the lowest may understand, and the rest will have no trouble."

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading In writing that speech Stephen had striven to bear in mind a piece of advice which Mr. Lincoln had given him.

Chapter 3 of The Crisis — Volume 04 by Winston Churchill holds 169 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Crisis — Volume 04 contain?

Chapter 3 holds 169 sentences of The Crisis — Volume 04, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Crisis — Volume 04 by Winston Churchill exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 169 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Crisis — Volume 04?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Crisis — Volume 04

Common questions about reading The Crisis — Volume 04 by Winston Churchill on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Crisis — Volume 04?

Yes. All 1577 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5391 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Crisis — Volume 04 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5391, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Crisis — Volume 04 take to read?

About 131 minutes of reading across 316 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Crisis — Volume 04 section by section

How to work through The Crisis — Volume 04 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of The Crisis — Volume 04 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Crisis — Volume 04

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Crisis — Volume 04, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Difficult
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crisis — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Refrain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crisis — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mention
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crisis — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Leave-taking
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Crisis — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.